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Foundational aspects of bioinformation and biocomputation

生物信息和生物计算的基础方面

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2017-04626
负责人：
Kari, Lila
金额：
$ 1.91万
依托单位：
University of Waterloo
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=634809
关键词：
Foundational aspects bioinformation biocomputation

项目摘要

In the same way we use the letters of the alphabet to write text, and bits 0 and 1 to write computer machine code, the four basic DNA units (A - adenine, C - cytosine, G - guanine, T - thymine) are used by Nature to write genetic information as DNA strands. The possibility of encoding symbolic information on DNA, and the fact that biochemical processes such as cut-and-paste of DNA strands have been proved to be able to perform arithmetic and logic operations, led to the development of the field of DNA computing and molecular programming. Bioinformation and biocomputation are different from their electronic counterparts in several aspects. First, biodata is not associated to a memory location but consists of infinitesimal DNA strands free-floating in solution. Second, in contrast to data in an electronic computer, which is passive, data-encoding DNA strands can interact with each other in programmable ways due to their Watson-Crick complementarity. Third, each data encoding DNA strand is usually present in millions of identical copies, and the bio-operations operate according to statistical laws. I aim to develop and investigate mathematical models of bioinformation and biocomputation that take into account such specific characteristics, as well as explore mathematical properties of naturally occurring DNA sequences, and their applications.

就像我们用字母表的字母来写文本，用第0位和第1位来写计算机机器代码一样，大自然用四个基本的DNA单位(A-腺嘌呤、C-胞嘧啶、G-鸟嘌呤、T-胸腺嘧啶)以DNA链的形式写入遗传信息。DNA上编码符号信息的可能性，以及DNA链的剪切和粘贴等生化过程已被证明能够进行算术和逻辑运算的事实，导致了DNA计算和分子编程领域的发展。生物信息和生物计算在几个方面不同于电子信息和生物计算。首先，生物数据与存储位置无关，而是由无限小的DNA链自由漂浮在溶液中组成。其次，与电子计算机中被动的数据不同，编码数据的DNA链可以通过编程方式相互作用，这是因为它们具有沃森-克里克互补性。第三，每个编码DNA链的数据通常以数百万个相同的副本存在，生物操作是按照统计规律进行的。我的目标是开发和研究生物信息和生物计算的数学模型，这些模型考虑到这些特定的特征，以及探索自然产生的DNA序列的数学特性及其应用。