Soft-switched high-frequency power converters for alternative energy systems

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World-wide increased energy demand with environmental concerns, alternative energy sources either integrated to the existing power grid or in a micro-grid utilizing hybrid ac and dc buses are becoming popular to ensure increased electrical energy security. The outputs of these energy sources vary widely including some operational limits, e.g.: permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) used with wind turbines generate ac output of varying voltage and frequency; linear synchronous generators used in sea wave energy conversion have fluctuating power with varying amplitude and frequency output voltage waveform; fuel cells generate wide varying low voltage dc (22 to 41 V) having slow transient response for load changes while they are very sensitive to ripple currents.