Canada Excellence Research Chair in Arctic Geomicrobiology and Climate Change

加拿大北极地球微生物学和气候变化卓越研究主席

• 批准号: 1000214902-2017
• 负责人: Rysgaard, Søren
• 金额: $ 101.99万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Canada Excellence Research Chairs
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=643166
• 关键词: Canada; Excellence; Research; Chair; Arctic

The CERC research program will focus on geomicrobial transformations as they occur in Arctic sea ice and sediments, including the regeneration of nutrients required by primary producers and thus the health of all other inhabitants of the Arctic marine system. Recent evidence suggests that microbial activity and chemical transformations within sea ice greatly influence inorganic carbonate chemistry, playing a far more important role in regulating carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake by Arctic seas than previously anticipated. The objective of the program is to investigate and quantify the importance of these fundamental microbial activities using state-of-the-art assessment techniques in a comprehensive three-pronged approach of ice tank, in situ, and modelling studies. Combining experimental ice tank and in situ studies will provide important new insight into the regulation of these processes, their seasonal and geographical distribution, and how they are coupled between surface ocean and seafloor. Modelling activities will range from small-scale studies within the sea ice and sediment compartments to local coastal regions of strategic importance and the large-scale systems of the Arctic Ocean and neighbouring seas. This comprehensive effort will markedly improve current knowledge of the magnitude and regulation of microbial activity and biogeochemical processes within the context of their physical/chemical environments. The research has broad economic and environmental impacts as an increased understanding of the microbially mediated nutrient regulation of primary production is a prerequisite to understanding the future for higher organisms in Arctic marine ecosystems and the effects of a changing sea ice environment. The knowledge generated will be applicable to environmental assessment of resource development in the Arctic and the attendant implications for the indigenous peoples of the Arctic. Finally, the sea ice mediated uptake of CO2 will have direct implications on the atmospheric CO2 concentration and thus, temperature conditions on the planet

CERC研究计划将重点关注北极海冰和沉积物中发生的地质微生物转化，包括初级生产者所需营养物质的再生，从而保护北极海洋系统所有其他居民的健康。最近的证据表明，海冰内的微生物活动和化学变化极大地影响了无机碳酸盐化学，在调节北极海洋吸收二氧化碳（CO2）方面发挥的作用比以前预期的要重要得多。该计划的目的是调查和量化这些基本的微生物活动的重要性，使用最先进的评估技术，在一个全面的三管齐下的方法，冰槽，原位和建模研究。将实验冰槽和现场研究相结合，将为这些过程的调节、其季节和地理分布以及它们如何在表层海洋和海底之间耦合提供重要的新见解。建模活动将从海冰和沉积物隔间内的小规模研究，到具有战略重要性的当地沿海区域以及北冰洋和邻近海域的大规模系统。这一全面的努力将大大提高目前的知识的规模和调节的微生物活动和生物地球化学过程的背景下，其物理/化学环境。这项研究具有广泛的经济和环境影响，因为增加对微生物介导的初级生产营养调节的了解是了解北极海洋生态系统高等生物未来和不断变化的海冰环境影响的先决条件。所产生的知识将适用于北极资源开发的环境评估及其对北极土著人民的影响。最后，海冰介导的CO2吸收将对大气CO2浓度产生直接影响，从而影响地球上的温度条件