Remote Sensing of the Middle and Upper Atmopshere from Satellite Platforms

卫星平台中高层大气遥感

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04646
• 负责人: Degenstein, Douglas
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=648914
• 关键词: Remote; Sensing; Middle; Upper; Atmopshere

Our group at the University of Saskatchewan has a twenty year history associated with remote sensing of the atmosphere from satellite platforms. We helped to design and build the Canadian OSIRIS instrument and we have operated it onboard the Swedish satellite Odin since the autumn of 2001. OSIRIS measures the scattered sunlight spectrum as it looks through the atmosphere of the earth and these measurements, made every two seconds, are used to infer the amount of ozone in the atmosphere as well as the amounts of other species that influence the ozone chemistry. Over the past twelve years we have developed a state of the art computerized model to simulate the measurements made by OSIRIS and we use this model in a complicated mathematical scheme that takes the OSIRIS measurements and compares them to the model results in order to retrieve the amount of ozone in the atmospheric volume of interest. The OSIRIS ozone measurements are known internationally to be of very high quality and as such they are used in many initiatives that have as their goal the study of long term ozone trends. The key question of how exactly atmospheric ozone has responded to the ban on CFCs, as dictated by the Montreal Protocol, has yet to be answered fully. Much knowledge has been gained but a complete understanding requires data sets that are significantly longer than those that currently exist. Should OSIRIS continue to operate forever its measurements could help answer this question.*OSIRIS will eventually cease operations and because of this the Canadian Space Agency has a strong interest in the development of the Canadian Atmospheric Tomography System (CATS) that is a follow-on instrument to OSIRIS. This new instrument based on the OSIRIS design will provide measurements similar to those made by OSIRIS and in this way will help provide the required long term data sets. However, in addition to the OSIRIS heritage modifications to OSIRIS will be incorporated into CATS that will allow it to make measurements with much high spatial and temporal sampling rates. These much higher spatial resolution measurements will prove to be very useful within applications such as medium range weather forecasting and air quality analysis both done as part of Environment Canada activities. These improved measurements of ozone and other species will also allow research scientists within Universities to better study the small scale processes that govern the important region of the atmosphere known as the upper troposphere - lower stratosphere, or UTLS for short.*The research work contained within this proposal is focused on further development of our computer model so that it can accurately and efficiently simulate the higher spatial resolution CATS measurements. The proposed work will also continue the development of our retrieval techniques so that we can effectively match their capabilities to both the new improved measurements and the model of these measurements. The combination of the new instrument and the new techniques developed within the proposed work will provide the best data products and as a result the best return for Canadian investment in the field of remote sensing of the atmosphere from satellite platforms.

我们萨斯喀彻温大学的团队在卫星平台上遥感大气方面已经有20年的历史了。我们帮助设计和建造了加拿大的OSIRIS仪器，自2001年秋季以来，我们一直在瑞典卫星Odin上操作它。Osiris在观察地球大气层时测量散射的太阳光光谱，这些测量每两秒进行一次，用于推断大气中臭氧的数量以及影响臭氧化学的其他物种的数量。在过去的12年里，我们开发了一种最先进的计算机化模型来模拟OSIRIS的测量结果，我们在一个复杂的数学方案中使用这个模型，该方案获取OSIRIS的测量结果并将它们与模型结果进行比较，以便恢复感兴趣的大气体积中的臭氧层数量。OSIRIS臭氧测量在国际上被认为具有非常高的质量，因此，它们被用于许多以研究长期臭氧趋势为目标的倡议中。大气臭氧究竟如何回应《蒙特利尔议定书》规定的氟氯化碳禁令这一关键问题尚未得到充分回答。已经获得了许多知识，但要完全理解，需要比目前存在的数据集长得多的数据集。如果OSIRIS继续运行，它的测量将有助于回答这个问题。*OSIRIS最终将停止运行，因此，加拿大航天局对加拿大大气层析成像系统(CATS)的开发非常感兴趣，这是OSIRIS的后续仪器。这一基于OSIRIS设计的新仪器将提供与OSIRIS所做的类似的测量，并以这种方式帮助提供所需的长期数据集。然而，除了OSIRIS的传统外，对OSIRIS的修改将被纳入CATS，使其能够以更高的空间和时间采样率进行测量。这些高得多的空间分辨率测量将被证明在中期天气预报和空气质量分析等应用中非常有用，这两个应用都是加拿大环境部活动的一部分。这些对臭氧和其他物种的测量的改进还将使大学中的研究科学家能够更好地研究管理大气的重要区域--对流层上部-平流层下部，简称UTLS的小尺度过程。*这项提案中包含的研究工作集中于进一步开发我们的计算机模型，以便它能够准确和有效地模拟更高空间分辨率的CATS测量。拟议的工作还将继续开发我们的检索技术，以便我们能够有效地将它们的能力与新的改进的测量和这些测量的模型相匹配。新仪器与拟议工作范围内开发的新技术相结合，将提供最佳数据产品，从而使加拿大在卫星平台大气遥感领域的投资获得最佳回报。