Biogeophysics of Bacterial-Mineral Interactions in Surface and Groundwater Systems

地表水和地下水系统中细菌-矿物质相互作用的生物地球物理学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05839
• 负责人: Ferris, Frederick
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=650681
• 关键词: Biogeophysics; Bacterial; Mineral; Interactions; Surface

The objective of the proposed research program is to develop a quantitative understanding of the influence of water flow on the physical and biogeochemical properties and of composite bacterial-mineral aggregates in aqueous systems. Specifically, studies will focus on how hydrodynamic shear densification (i.e., poroelastic deformation) influences microbial activity, bacterial-mineral aggregate structure, size, porosity, permeability, bulk density, and settling behavior. The complex interplay between these various material properties and environmental mass transport also provide scientific context for geophysical investigations using ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography to detect and image bacterial-mineral interactions in the environment by calibration of geophysical measurements with direct measurements of biogeophysical material properties of bacterial-mineral aggregates. Such insight is of fundamental relevance to addressing the complex interactions between physical, chemical, biological and hydrological processes that regulate nutrient cycling, contaminant transport and water quality, and the exchange of water between subsurface and surface reservoirs. The use of direct measurements of biogeophysical material properties to calibrate indirect geophysical estimates additionally offers numerous potential new applications that range from investigations on the characteristic spatial variability of bacterial-mineral interactions over larger areas, as well as monitoring biogeochemical responses to ongoing natural and anthropogenic environmental change, to exploration of life in extreme environments (e.g., deep subsurface biosphere, other planets).

拟议的研究计划的目的是开发一个定量的了解水流的物理和地球化学性质和复合细菌矿物聚集体在水系统中的影响。 具体而言，研究将集中在流体动力学剪切致密化（即，多孔弹性变形）影响微生物活性、细菌-矿物聚集体结构、尺寸、孔隙率、渗透性、堆积密度和沉降行为。 这些不同的材料特性和环境质量传输之间的复杂的相互作用也提供了地球物理调查的科学背景下，使用探地雷达和电阻率层析成像检测和成像的细菌-矿物相互作用的环境中的地球物理测量的校准与细菌-矿物聚集体的地球物理材料特性的直接测量。这种认识对于解决调节营养物循环、污染物迁移和水质的物理、化学、生物和水文过程之间的复杂相互作用以及地下和地表水库之间的水交换具有根本意义。 使用地球物理材料性质的直接测量来校准间接地球物理估计另外提供了许多潜在的新应用，其范围从对较大区域上的细菌-矿物相互作用的特征空间变化的调查，以及监测对正在进行的自然和人为环境变化的地球化学响应，到探索极端环境中的生命（例如，深层地下生物圈，其他行星）。