Aerodynamic design and testing dimpled spheres for drag reduction********

KQS公司是一家创新的合同设计和工程公司，总部设在加拿大，专注于高性能运动领域。该项目的重点是酒窝球体或高尔夫球的空气动力学性能和开发，以及用于及时进行空气动力学设计的工具。众所周知，运动器材市场竞争激烈，表明即使是空气动力学性能的小幅增长也可以提高潜在的市场份额。众所周知，球体上的酒窝可以减少高尔夫球运动中通常达到的流速范围内的阻力。已发表的对简单线性和恒定凹陷图案的研究表明，凹陷的大小、形状、深度和图案对空气动力学性能起着关键作用。然而，商业高尔夫球上的凹陷图案比重复的恒定几何凹陷的线性图案复杂得多。众所周知，高保真模拟和风洞试验都能准确地捕捉高尔夫球的气动性能指标，但这些限制了及时的设计和优化研究。在拟议的项目中，将在参数化高尔夫球几何形状上进行风洞测试，以确定具有低阻力的有希望的设计，同时将比较并行低保真模拟的使用，以确定是否存在性能相关性，以实现未来的及时优化。该项目将使KQS公司能够进入竞争激烈的锦标赛级高尔夫球市场，这也将使KQS公司进一步扩大业务，在国际层面上增加对加拿大经济的支持，并在加拿大雇佣更多的工程师。拟议的项目还将被用来启动一个长期的合作研究项目，以优化高尔夫球的几何形状以减少阻力。

KQS Inc. is an innovative contract Design & Engineering company, based in Canada, specializing in the field of high performance sport. The focus of the project is on the aerodynamic performance and development of dimpled spheres, or golf balls, and the tools used for timely aerodynamic design. The sporting equipment market is known to be highly competitive, demonstrating even small increases in aerodynamic performance can bolster the potential market share. Dimples on a sphere are known to reduce the drag over the range of flow velocities commonly reached in the sport of golf. Published research for simple linear and constant dimple patterns show that dimple size, shape, depth, and pattern play a key role in aerodynamic performance. However, the dimple patterns on commercial golf balls are much more complex then linear patterns of repeated constant geometry dimples. It is well know that high-fidelity simulations and wind tunnel testing can both accurately capture aerodynamic performance measures of golf balls, however, these limit timely design and optimization studies. In the proposed project, wind tunnel testing of will be performed on a parameterized golf ball geometry to identify promising designs having low drag, while the use of parallel low-fidelity simulations will be compared to determine if performance correlations exists, to enable future timely optimization. This project will enable KQS Inc. to enter the competitive market of Tournament Quality golf balls, which will also allow KQS to further expand operations, increase support of the Canadian economy on an international level, and employ more engineers in Canada. The proposed project will also be leveraged to initiate a long term collaborative research project to optimize golf ball geometry for reduced drag.********************