The Belle II Project

Belle II实验将在位于日本筑波的KEK实验室的SuperKEKB e+e对撞机上进行。它是成功的Belle和BaBar实验的继任者，这两个实验因其对CP违反现象的贡献而被引用于2008年物理学诺贝尔奖。Belle II的主要物理目标是通过广泛的测量来寻找新物理的证据，这些测量对重虚拟粒子的存在很敏感，并且可以在标准模型中精确预测。这些测量可能包括CP破坏和其他不对称、罕见衰变或禁止衰变。这些测量的质量范围可以超过ATLAS和CMS的直接搜索。如果在大型强子对撞机上发现了新的物理现象，Belle II可以通过寻找偏离标准模型的模式来探索它的本质。Belle II也将对新光粒子的直接产生敏感，包括那些由暗物质的黑暗部门模型预测的粒子，或者额外的希格斯粒子，这些粒子将难以在大型强子对撞机中检测到。实验还将继续探索弱力和CP违反，BaBar和Belle成功地遵循了这一计划。可能测量的数量可以通过BaBar迄今为止发表的550份出版物来估计。**加拿大贝尔II小组正准备在2017年开始碰撞，并在2018年使用完整的探测器进行数据采集。数据采集将持续到2024年。加拿大在量热计组中有两个重要的软件/操作责任：校准和GEANT模拟。校准将是一个多年的多人努力，从现在开始，并延伸到整个项目。加拿大还负责确定探测器材料在模拟和现实中的分布情况。对材料的精确理解是尽量减少系统误差的重要组成部分，鉴于要收集的大量统计数据，这一点变得越来越重要。该小组负责预测和监测量热计中的光束背景，并向加速器操作员实时提供背景水平。加拿大人正在领导低多重物理的工作，其中包括tau物理，直接搜索新粒子和电弱测量。****计算是实验的重要组成部分，数据集接近大型强子对撞机实验的规模。加拿大是当前一代模拟事件计算资源的主要贡献者，并且正在开发使Belle II能够充分利用云计算的工具。****该小组正在申请资金，以支持研究生和博士后承担加拿大的责任，并产生物理结果；主要是前往KEK，也包括参加会议；材料和用品，包括台式和笔记本电脑；共同基金。******

The Belle II experiment will be located at the SuperKEKB e+e- collider at the KEK laboratory in Tsukuba, Japan. It is a successor to the successful Belle and BaBar experiments, which were cited for their contributions to the phenomenon of CP violation in the 2008 Physics Nobel Prize. The primary physics goal of Belle II is to search for evidence of new physics through a wide range of measurements that are sensitive to the presence of heavy virtual particles, and that can be precisely predicted in the Standard Model. These measurements could include CP violation and other asymmetries, rare decays, or forbidden decays. The mass reach of these measurements can exceed that of the direct searches by ATLAS and CMS. If new physics is found at the LHC, Belle II can explore its nature by looking for a pattern of deviations from the Standard Model. Belle II will also be sensitive to the direct production of new light particles, including those predicted by dark sector models of dark matter, or additional Higgs particles, particles that will be difficult to detect at the LHC. The experiment will also continue the exploration of the weak force and CP violation, a program successfully followed by BaBar and Belle. The number of possible measurements can be estimated by the 550 publications produced so far by BaBar. **The Canadian Belle II group is preparing for the start of collisions in 2017 and data taking with the complete detector in 2018. Data taking will continue to 2024. Canada has two significant software/operational responsibilities in the calorimeter group: calibration and the GEANT simulation. Calibration will be a multi-year multi-person effort, starting now and extending throughout the project. Canada is also responsible for determining the distribution of detector material in simulation and in reality. A precise understanding of the material is an essential component in minimizing systematic errors, which become increasingly important in light of the high statistics to be collected. The group is responsible for predicting and monitoring beam backgrounds in the calorimeter, and providing the background levels in real time to the accelerator operators. Canadians are leading the low-multiplicity physics effort, which includes tau physics, direct searches for new particles, and electroweak measurements. ****Computing is an essential component of the experiment, with data sets approaching the size of LHC experiments. Canada is a key contributor of computing resources for the current generation of simulated events, and is developing the tools that will allow Belle II to fully utilize cloud computing. ****The group is requesting funds to support graduate students and postdocs to undertake the Canadian responsibilities and to produce physics results; for travel primarily to KEK, but also for conferences; material and supplies, including desktop and laptop computing; and common fund.******