A Comprehensive Testing Program for Shoulder Implant Assessment

肩部植入物评估的综合测试计划

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-03965
• 负责人: Johnson, James
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=654734
• 关键词: Comprehensive; Testing; Program; Shoulder; Implant

Failure of shoulder implants is a growing concern for both the anatomic and reverse designs - this is where the "ball and socket" is reversed to increase muscle moment arms and reduce joint loads. While there are a number of potential failure modes, loss of the structural integrity of the polyethylene liner component due to creep and wear is a most pressing problem. This is likely due to the excessive loads that occur on the articular surfaces.***With the aging baby-boomer population, the demand for these implants is increasing significantly. Moreover, the elevated activity demands including sport and exercise of this group are also a potential challenge to these implants, as the loads and range of motion are increasing. However, the current biomechanical evaluation of these constructs is, in all probability, not an accurate representation of activity, due to a number of simplifications that have been made related to loading and other factors surrounding the implant and bone modeling in the laboratory and computationally. ***The long-term objective of this program is to elucidate the biomechanics of the implant reconstructed shoulder and produce a comprehensive approach to its evaluation, with special interest in arming the biomechanist with new knowledge related to the mechanical behavior of these constructs. These advances will set the stage for testing methodologies and standards for the assessment of these implants. ***The overarching theme of this Discovery program grant is to "drill-down" and determine the loading and the resultant response of the implant system. Over the 5-year tenure of this work, the specific short-term objectives are to (1) determine the envelope of loads that act at the shoulder joint, and (2) to quantify the response of the implant systems (with special interest in the polyethylene component) when subjected to such loading.***The methodology includes experimental studies to simulate activity in the cadaver arm via developing protocols for a specialized simulator with a focus on high velocity (i.e. dynamic) motions. In addition, a loading device will be developed to apply external loads to the arm as would occur with exercise. These measured loads will then be employed in a "test-bed" to be developed that evaluates the mechanical response of the implant.***It is anticipated that the work proposed herein will revolutionize the understanding load transfer through these shoulder implants and advance our engineering-based treatment of this construct beyond the simplified experimental and computational modeling approaches to date. These developments will also result in the evolution of a state of the art testing program that will permit a wide range of advanced studies on shoulder implants.**

肩部植入物的失败越来越受到解剖学和反向设计的关注-这是“球窝”的反向设计，以增加肌肉力矩臂和减少关节负荷。虽然存在许多潜在的失效模式，但由于蠕变和磨损导致的聚乙烯衬垫组件结构完整性的损失是一个最紧迫的问题。这可能是由于关节表面的过度负荷造成的。随着婴儿潮一代人口的老龄化，对这些植入物的需求正在显著增加。此外，随着负荷和活动范围的增加，包括运动和锻炼在内的活动需求的增加对这些植入物也是一个潜在的挑战。然而，由于在实验室和计算中对植入物和骨模型周围的载荷和其他因素进行了一些简化，目前对这些结构的生物力学评估很可能不是活动的准确表示。***本项目的长期目标是阐明假体重建肩关节的生物力学，并为其评估提供一种全面的方法，特别感兴趣的是为生物力学家提供与这些结构的力学行为相关的新知识。这些进步将为评估这些植入物的测试方法和标准奠定基础。***这个发现项目的首要主题是“向下钻取”并确定植入系统的载荷和最终反应。在这项工作的5年任期内，具体的短期目标是(1)确定肩关节处的载荷包膜，(2)量化植入系统（对聚乙烯组件特别感兴趣）在承受这种载荷时的反应。***方法包括实验研究，通过开发专门的模拟器协议来模拟尸体手臂的活动，重点是高速（即动态）运动。此外，将开发一种加载装置，像运动时一样向手臂施加外部负载。然后，这些测量的载荷将用于待开发的“试验台”，以评估植入物的机械响应。***预计本文提出的工作将彻底改变对这些肩部植入物的负荷转移的理解，并推动我们基于工程的治疗这种结构，超越迄今为止简化的实验和计算建模方法。这些发展也将导致最先进的测试程序的发展，这将允许对肩部植入物进行广泛的高级研究