Integration of clayey materials in the engineered covers and improvement of their performance evaluation techniques

将粘土材料整合到工程覆盖层中并改进其性能评估技术

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06787
• 负责人: Maqsoud, Abdelkabir
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=658705
• 关键词: Integration; clayey; materials; engineered; covers

The extraction of mineral resources plays an important role in the Canadian economy. However, while removing these valuable commodities, large volumes of waste are often generated. These wastes have the potential to adversely impact the environment if not properly managed. Special attention is required when the wastes contain iron sulfide minerals. The oxidation of sulfides by atmospheric oxygen tends to lead to the acidification of meteoric waters; this phenomenon is known as acid mine drainage (AMD). In these situations, actions must be taken at the mine site to prevent environmental impacts caused by AMD. Different management options and rehabilitation strategies are available to inhibit AMD production. Despite the development of these techniques, there is still work that must be performed to improve their performance both technically and economically.****The proposed research program seeks to develop effective and economical reclamation strategies for tailings storage facilities. Two distinct projects will be investigated: 1) integration of clayey materials in engineered covers, and 2) improving methods used to evaluate engineered covers' performances.****In Project 1, clayey materials sampled near active mine sites will be characterized using different technics. Lab tests will be performed including evaluation of hydraulic permeability, freeze –Thaw effect, pore-size distribution…etc. Then, numerical modelling will be performed with the objectives to assess the ability of covers to block water and oxygen from reaching the underlying reactive tailings. Also, field instrumented experimental cells will be used to test different cover configurations using clayey materials. The results allow for an evaluation of cover performance and verification of whether or not a cover including a clay layer could be used in mine site reclamation.****In the project 2, equipments for volumetric water content measurement will be tested under different conditions using experimental column tests with the objective to evaluate the impact of sulfur contents, interstitial mineralization and temperature on the measurements' accuracies. Also, at field mine site, components of water cover budget will be evaluated using measured parameters: evapo-transpiration (using eddy covariance method), water storage, runoff, precipitation and infiltration. Finally, a detailed analysis of results will be performed to compare evapotranspiration parameter indirectly assessed using the various components of the water balance to that measured with the eddy covariance system.****The work will be performed by PHQ students. These students will be trained and will acquire skills in managing complex problems related to unsaturated water movement as well as cover design and performance evaluation. These HQP will be well equipped to design effective covers that meet industrial, governmental, and community requirements.******

矿产资源的开采在加拿大经济中发挥着重要作用。然而，在清除这些有价值的商品时，往往会产生大量废物。这些废物如果管理不当，有可能对环境产生不利影响。当废物中含有硫化铁矿物时，需要特别注意。硫化物被大气中的氧气氧化会导致大气沃茨酸化，这种现象被称为酸性矿井排水（AMD）。在这些情况下，必须在矿场采取行动，以防止AMD造成的环境影响。不同的管理选项和康复策略可用于抑制AMD的产生。尽管这些技术得到了发展，但仍有工作必须进行，以提高其在技术和经济上的性能。拟议的研究计划旨在为尾矿储存设施制定有效和经济的复垦策略。将研究两个不同的项目：1）粘土材料在工程覆盖物中的整合，以及2）改进用于评估工程覆盖物性能的方法。在项目1中，将使用不同的技术对在活跃矿区附近取样的粘土材料进行表征。将进行实验室测试，包括评估水力渗透性、冻融效应、孔径分布等。然后，将进行数值建模，目的是评估覆盖层阻挡水和氧气到达下面的活性尾矿的能力。此外，现场仪器实验室将用于测试不同的覆盖配置使用粘土材料。研究结果可用于评价覆盖层性能，并验证是否可在矿区复垦中使用包括粘土层的覆盖层。在项目2中，将使用实验柱测试在不同条件下测试体积含水量测量设备，目的是评估硫含量、间隙矿化和温度对测量精度的影响。此外，在野外矿场，将使用测量的参数评估水覆盖预算的组成部分：蒸散（使用涡动协方差法），水储存，径流，降水和渗透。最后，将对结果进行详细分析，以比较使用水平衡的各个组成部分间接评估的蒸散参数与使用涡度相关系统测量的蒸散参数。这项工作将由PHQ学生完成。这些学生将接受培训，并将获得管理与非饱和水运动以及封面设计和性能评估有关的复杂问题的技能。这些HQP将能够很好地设计满足工业、政府和社区要求的有效覆盖物。**