The Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation
固氮生态学
基本信息
- 批准号:RGPIN-2015-05278
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 1.53万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:加拿大
- 项目类别:Discovery Grants Program - Individual
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:加拿大
- 起止时间:2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Plant growth in temperate ecosystems is limited by nitrogen availability. Indeed, the success of modern agriculture is due primarily to the invention of nitrogen fertilizers. However, the use of nitrogen fertilizer requires intensive energy inputs and can result in eutrophication of the environment. Nitrogen can also be supplied to ecosystems by nitrogen fixing microbes. The symbiotic interaction between plants and nitrogen fixing bacteria frees plants from the limitations of soil nitrogen availability. The development of new nitrogen fixing symbioses could free us from our reliance on nitrogen fertilizer. However, this long sought goal of plant breeders has yet to be realized. Understanding the ecology of existing nitrogen fixing organisms may help us not only to understand their roles in natural systems, but also guide us in developing new nitrogen fixing systems and applications for them. ***The fundamental problem in the ecology of nitrogen fixing plants is explaining why they are not more common. In many nitrogen-limited ecosystems nitrogen fixing plants tend to be rare, whereas they often dominate systems where nitrogen does not limit growth. The proposed research will look at factors that can potentially limit the success of symbiotic nitrogen fixing plants. Theory predicts that nitrogen fixation is limited by its cost relative to the acquisition of other elements. Lab and field experiments will therefore determine if making carbon acquisition more difficult (by altering light levels), or soil nutrient uptake more efficient (using fertilizer and adjusting soil temperatures) reduces the effectiveness of the nitrogen fixation. Comparing nitrogen fixing plants with and without their symbionts will allow us to quantify the benefit of the symbiosis under varying environmental conditions. Plants typically harbor symbiont genotypes that vary in their effect on nitrogen fixation. I will manipulate interactions between bacterial genotypes of varying nitrogen fixing capability to understand how mutualistic relationships are maintained, rather than displaced by less mutualistic interactions. I will also determine how symbiotic nitrogen fixation contributes to the productivity of boreal forests across a regional transect. Comparing productivity and nitrogen fixation from the driest edge of the boreal forest to the center of its range will not only give us insight into conditions that favor nitrogen fixation, but will also help us understand how this may be modified with a changing climate. Finally, I will determine the input of fixed nitrogen by cyanolichens and mosses where they are super abundant, to determine if they can displace the role of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in a tropical cloud forest. Overall, this research will allow us to predict conditions that promote nitrogen fixation and discover new methods to manage nitrogen and ecosystem productivity.
温带生态系统中的植物生长受到氮供应的限制。的确,现代农业的成功主要是由于氮肥的发明。然而,氮肥的使用需要大量的能量投入,并可能导致环境富营养化。氮也可以通过固氮微生物提供给生态系统。植物与固氮细菌之间的共生相互作用使植物摆脱了土壤氮素有效性的限制。新的固氮共生生物的发展可以使我们摆脱对氮肥的依赖。然而,这一植物育种家长期追求的目标尚未实现。了解现有固氮生物的生态学不仅可以帮助我们了解它们在自然系统中的作用,而且可以指导我们开发新的固氮系统及其应用。固氮植物生态学的根本问题是解释为什么它们不常见。在许多氮限制的生态系统中,固氮植物往往很少见,而它们通常在氮不限制生长的系统中占主导地位。拟议的研究将着眼于可能限制共生固氮植物成功的因素。理论预测,固氮受到其相对于获取其他元素的成本的限制。因此,实验室和田间试验将确定增加碳获取难度(通过改变光照水平)或提高土壤养分吸收效率(使用肥料和调节土壤温度)是否会降低固氮的有效性。比较固氮植物有和没有它们的共生体将使我们能够量化在不同环境条件下共生的好处。植物通常含有共生体基因型,它们对固氮的影响各不相同。我将操纵不同固氮能力的细菌基因型之间的相互作用,以了解互惠关系是如何维持的,而不是被不那么互惠的相互作用所取代。我还将确定共生固氮如何促进整个区域样带的北方森林的生产力。比较从北方森林最干燥的边缘到其范围的中心的生产力和固氮,不仅可以让我们了解有利于固氮的条件,而且还可以帮助我们了解气候变化如何改变固氮。最后,我将确定蓝藻和苔藓在超级丰富的地方对固定氮的输入,以确定它们是否可以取代热带云雾森林中共生固氮的作用。总的来说,这项研究将使我们能够预测促进固氮的条件,并发现管理氮和生态系统生产力的新方法。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
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Markham, John其他文献
The effect of Frankia and multiple ectomycorrhizal fungil species on Alnus growing in low fertility soil
- DOI:
10.1007/s13199-020-00666-z - 发表时间:
2020-02-12 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.5
- 作者:
Chen, Haoran;Renault, Sylvie;Markham, John - 通讯作者:
Markham, John
Bryophyte and lichen biomass and nitrogen fixation in a high elevation cloud forest in Cerro de La Muerte, Costa Rica
- DOI:
10.1007/s00442-020-04840-4 - 发表时间:
2021-01-04 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.7
- 作者:
Markham, John;Fernandez Otarola, Mauricio - 通讯作者:
Fernandez Otarola, Mauricio
Effect of neighbour presence and soil volume on the growth of Andropogon gerardii Vitman
- DOI:
10.1080/17550874.2011.618515 - 发表时间:
2011-01-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.5
- 作者:
Markham, John;Halwas, Sara - 通讯作者:
Halwas, Sara
Wind creates crown shyness, asymmetry, and orientation in a tropical montane oak forest
- DOI:
10.1111/btp.12877 - 发表时间:
2020-10-19 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.1
- 作者:
Markham, John;Fernandez Otarola, Mauricio - 通讯作者:
Fernandez Otarola, Mauricio
Markham, John的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Markham, John', 18)}}的其他基金
Ecosystem engineers in the subarctic
亚北极的生态系统工程师
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2021-03347 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Ecosystem engineers in the subarctic
亚北极的生态系统工程师
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2021-03347 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
The Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation
固氮生态学
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2015-05278 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
The Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation
固氮生态学
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2015-05278 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
The Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation
固氮生态学
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2015-05278 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
The Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation
固氮生态学
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2015-05278 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Sustainable Biofuel Production
可持续生物燃料生产
- 批准号:
476442-2014 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Engage Grants Program
Plant and soil microbe interactions
植物和土壤微生物的相互作用
- 批准号:
228646-2005 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Plant and soil microbe interactions
植物和土壤微生物的相互作用
- 批准号:
228646-2005 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Ecology of frankia and actinorhizal plants
弗兰克和放线菌植物的生态学
- 批准号:
228646-2001 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
相似海外基金
The Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation
固氮生态学
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2015-05278 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
The Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation
固氮生态学
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2015-05278 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
The Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation
固氮生态学
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2015-05278 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
The Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation
固氮生态学
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2015-05278 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Collaborative Research: Physiology, Ecology and Biochemistry of Nitrogen Fixation by Marine Planktonic Microorganisms (ABR)
合作研究:海洋浮游微生物固氮的生理学、生态学和生物化学(ABR)
- 批准号:
9314252 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Physiology, Ecology, and Biochemistry of Nitrogen Fixation by Marine Planktonic Microorganisms (ABR)
合作研究:海洋浮游微生物固氮的生理学、生态学和生物化学(ABR)
- 批准号:
9317738 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Physiology, Ecology and Biochemistry of Nitrogen Fixation byMarine Planktonic Microorganisms
海洋浮游微生物固氮的生理学、生态学和生物化学
- 批准号:
9012199 - 财政年份:1990
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Physiology, Ecology and Biochemistry of Nitrogen Fixation byMarine Planktonic Microorganisms
海洋浮游微生物固氮的生理学、生态学和生物化学
- 批准号:
9015606 - 财政年份:1990
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Nitrogen Fixation, Alkaloid Metabolism, and Defoliation: Interactions in the Bush Lupine, Lupinus Arboreus (Ecology)
固氮、生物碱代谢和落叶:灌木羽扇豆、木羽扇豆的相互作用(生态学)
- 批准号:
8800074 - 财政年份:1988
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Physiology, Ecology and Biochemistry of Nitrogen Fixation by Marine Planktonic Microorganisms
海洋浮游微生物固氮的生理学、生态学和生物化学
- 批准号:
8710798 - 财政年份:1987
- 资助金额:
$ 1.53万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant