Runoff generation processes in headwater catchments: the role of storage and release

源头流域径流生成过程：储存和释放的作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-05170
• 负责人: McDonnell, Jeffrey
• 金额: $ 6.48万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=659238
• 关键词: Runoff; generation; processes; headwater; catchments

River systems in Canada are fed by streams draining headwater catchments. These headwaters are responsible for more than half of the flow in our large rivers. They are rarely gauged and little information exists on how they store and transmit rainfall and snowmelt. Since headwaters are connected intrinsically to landscape processes and downstream waters they influence the supply, transport, and fate of water and solutes in watersheds. Our current models of precipitation-runoff lack process realism for the way that headwaters are represented. Therefore large uncertainties exist on how watershed systems will respond to landuse- and climate-change. As a result, prediction of future changes in water quality and quantity in Canada and elsewhere is fraught with uncertainty. **The long term objective of my work is to develop new understanding of runoff generation processes in headwater catchments, focused especially on how these store and release water at different time and space scales. The proposed work focuses on four inter-related work packages that address the most important and fundamental impediments for moving forward in this research area-for measurement, understanding, modeling and theory. The anticipated significance of this work is that it will aid the development of watershed runoff models that work for the right reason and reduce uncertainty in projections of watershed response to changing climate and landuse.

加拿大的河流系统是由源头集水区的溪流补给的。这些源头是我们大江大河流量的一半以上。它们很少被测量，关于它们如何储存和传输降雨和融雪的信息也很少。由于上游沃茨与景观过程和下游沃茨有着内在的联系，它们影响着流域中水和溶质的供应、运输和归宿。 我们目前的降水径流模型缺乏过程的现实主义的方式，表示源头。因此，流域系统如何应对土地利用和气候变化存在很大的不确定性。因此，对加拿大和其他地方未来水质和水量变化的预测充满了不确定性。** 我工作的长期目标是对源头集水区的径流产生过程有新的认识，特别关注这些集水区如何在不同的时间和空间尺度上储存和释放水。建议的工作集中在四个相互关联的工作包，解决最重要的和根本的障碍，在这一研究领域的测量，理解，建模和理论。这项工作的预期意义是，它将有助于开发流域径流模型，正确的理由和减少不确定性的预测流域对气候变化和土地利用的反应。