Perennial forage grains for fall grazing of beef cattle****

肉牛秋季放牧的多年生饲料谷物****

• 批准号: 521846-2018
• 负责人: McGeough, Emma
• 金额: $ 10.12万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=659262
• 关键词: Perennial; forage; grains; fall; grazing

Perennial grains, especially domesticated intermediate wheatgrass (IWG), are approaching commercialization as food crops. Due to the perennial nature of this crop i.e. multiple seed harvest (years) off of a single planting, grazing of post-harvest regrowth in the late fall would provide added competitiveness to beef producers, by offering the novel potential for a cash crop and high quality animal feed production sequentially off the same area of land. In addition, using cattle to recycle plant biomass into much needed nutrients for future growth could provide both organic and conventional grain producers with both economic and environmental options to sustain perennial crop production. IWG has been shown to have a high water-use efficiency rate with respect to carbon capture when compared to annual grains. The potential for perennial grains to provide nesting habitat for wildlife, especially waterfowl will be assessed as they involve limited soil disturbance (tillage) and early spring growth. Fall regrowth is predominantly leafy, providing highly nutritious feed for beef cattle when forages typically used for extended grazing are low quality. Maintaining cattle on pasture later into the year reduces costs of feeding and mitigates manure removal and distribution. This project aims to identify economic and environmental benefits of producing perennial grains, both on its own and in conjunction with a perennial legume, and the added benefits of grazing the post-harvest regrowth to both beef producer and grain producers. Through a multidisciplinary, collaborative effort this project will investigate the agronomic, environmental and economic value of late fall grazing of IWG on both the grain and beef cattle crops. This will include water use, greenhouse gas mitigation, habitat development and biodiversity impacts of these practices. Anticipated outcomes include beneficial impacts of IWG grazing on beef quantity and quality, reduced nutritional inputs via grazing for IWG grain production, enhanced biodiversity, environmental improvements and wildlife encouragement. Supporting partners include commodity groups (Manitoba Beef Producers), industry organizations (Ducks Unlimited Canada) and government (Manitoba Beef and Forage Initiative) who will be involved in a number of capacities including involvement in project measurements, data analysis and through integrated tech transfer strategies for data dissemination to the end users. Training of highly qualified personnel will be core to the project with involvement across the breadth of the research team and supporting partners.

多年生谷物，特别是驯化的中间冰草（IWG），正接近商业化作为粮食作物。由于这种作物的多年生性质，即单次种植的多次种子收获（年），在晚秋收获后再生长的放牧将为牛肉生产商提供额外的竞争力，通过提供经济作物和高质量动物饲料生产的新潜力，依次离开同一地区的土地。此外，利用牛将植物生物质回收为未来生长所需的营养物质，可以为有机和传统谷物生产者提供经济和环境选择，以维持多年生作物生产。与一年生谷物相比，IWG已被证明在碳捕获方面具有较高的水利用效率。将评估多年生谷物为野生动物，特别是水禽提供筑巢栖息地的潜力，因为它们涉及有限的土壤扰动（耕作）和早春生长。秋季再生主要是多叶的，当通常用于延长放牧的牧草质量低下时，为肉牛提供高营养的饲料。在一年中晚些时候在牧场上饲养牲畜可以降低饲养成本，减少粪便的清除和分配。该项目旨在确定生产多年生谷物的经济和环境效益，无论是单独生产还是与多年生豆类一起生产，以及放牧收获后再生长对牛肉生产者和谷物生产者的额外好处。 通过多学科的合作努力，该项目将调查IWG晚秋放牧对谷物和肉牛作物的农艺、环境和经济价值。这将包括这些做法的用水、温室气体减排、生境发展和生物多样性影响。预期成果包括IWG放牧对牛肉数量和质量的有益影响，通过放牧减少IWG谷物生产的营养投入，增强生物多样性，改善环境和鼓励野生动物。支持伙伴包括商品集团（马尼托巴牛肉生产者）、行业组织（加拿大鸭子无限公司）和政府（马尼托巴牛肉和饲料倡议），他们将以各种身份参与，包括参与项目测量、数据分析和通过综合技术转让战略向最终用户传播数据。高素质人员的培训将是该项目的核心，整个研究团队和支持合作伙伴都将参与。