Physical and biological controls of primary production in the ice-covered Canadian Arctic marine system

冰雪覆盖的加拿大北极海洋系统初级生产的物理和生物控制

• 批准号: 424231-2013
• 负责人: Mundy, Christopher
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=660425
• 关键词: Physical; biological; controls; primary; production

Polar marine ecosystems will undergo change associated with a warming climate. In particular, the Arctic ice-covered marine environment is undergoing unprecedented changes with recent accelerated declines in sea ice cover and changes to water mass characteristics and distribution. Understanding the timing and controls of ice-covered primary production is of critical importance to better predict how the ecosystem will respond to the rapidly changing environment. Therefore, the long-term goal of my research program is to obtain a comprehensive understanding of processes controlling Arctic marine primary production in the ice-covered ecosystem. Over the next 5 years, I propose to undertake field-based process and experimental studies to help meet my NSERC Discovery grant objectives which can be summarized as: (1) to develop new non-invasive measurement techniques to better observe the temporal progression and spatial variability of algal absorption, biomass, production, and physiology in the ice-covered ecosystem, and (2) to investigate physical and biological processes that control algal production, accumulation and loss in sea ice, melt water, and underlying water column. Landfast sea ice found in the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago provides the perfect natural laboratory to undertake process studies required to meet these summarized objectives. In particular, landfast ice remains in the vicinity of Resolute Passage long into the melt season providing a platform to study processes from the winter-spring transition through to ice break-up. Through my proposed research program, my team and I (including 5 B.Sc., 2 M.Sc. and 3 Ph.D. students over the grant's tenure) will increase our knowledge on physical and biological controls of primary production in the ice-covered ecosystem, develop new observational techniques, fuel novel ideas, fill knowledge gaps, and improve our capability to model the ecosystem. A declining ice cover, expectation of increased shipping traffic, and political pressure for an increased understanding of our North highlight the importance of the work described above.****

极地海洋生态系统将经历与气候变暖相关的变化。特别是，北极海冰覆盖的海洋环境正在经历前所未有的变化，近年来海冰覆盖加速减少，水体特征和分布发生变化。了解冰覆盖初级生产的时间和控制对于更好地预测生态系统如何应对快速变化的环境至关重要。因此，我的研究计划的长期目标是全面了解在冰雪覆盖的生态系统中控制北极海洋初级生产的过程。在接下来的5年里，我建议进行基于实地的过程和实验研究，以帮助实现我的NSERC发现资助目标，可以概括为：(1)开发新的非侵入性测量技术，以更好地观察冰覆盖生态系统中藻类吸收、生物量、生产和生理的时间进展和空间变异性；(2)研究控制海冰、融水和下垫水柱中藻类生产、积累和损失的物理和生物过程。在加拿大北极群岛中部发现的陆地海冰提供了完美的自然实验室，可以进行满足这些总结目标所需的过程研究。特别是，在融化季节，坚决通道附近的陆地冰仍然存在很长时间，为研究从冬春过渡到冰破裂的过程提供了一个平台。通过我提出的研究计划，我和我的团队（包括5名学士学位，2名硕士学位和3名博士学位的学生）将增加我们对冰雪覆盖生态系统初级生产的物理和生物控制的知识，开发新的观测技术，激发新的想法，填补知识空白，并提高我们模拟生态系统的能力。冰盖的减少、对航运流量增加的预期以及要求增加对我们北方的了解的政治压力都突出了上述工作的重要性。****