Elucidating soil carbon dynamics for climate change adaptation and mitigation tradeoff analysis at a landscape scale

阐明景观尺度上气候变化适应和缓解权衡分析的土壤碳动态

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04903
• 负责人: Smukler, Sean
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=665517
• 关键词: Elucidating; soil; carbon; dynamics; climate

A key strategy to improve the resiliency of agricultural production and also reduce the impact of agriculture on climate change (i.e. adaptation and mitigation) is the adoption of beneficial management practices (BMPs) that increase soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. However, the magnitude of this potential is unclear and recent work indicates SOC losses due to increasing temperatures may be higher than previously expected. To resolve this uncertainty a number of questions need to be addressed at multiple spatial and temporal scales. At the field scale, questions remain about the dynamics of SOC in relation to various environmental (e.g. temperature, precipitation) and management factors (e.g. tillage, land use change). Factors affecting rates of SOC loss are poorly understood as is the rate that SOC can be regained or at what concentration gains will level off. At the landscape scale it is unclear how effectively process-models predict long-term changes in SOC given BMP configurations and land-use change and whether new modeling approaches can improve the accuracy of simulations. ******The overarching long-term goal of my research program is to develop strategies that simultaneously maximize SOC retention within agricultural landscapes while minimizing GHG emissions. Our short-term program is focused primarily on understanding the mechanisms that control SOC dynamics and improving process models to test hypotheses at the landscape scale. Our approach entails scaling plot level analyses to the landscape and projecting outcomes over time using geographical information systems, remote sensing and ecosystem process models. The overarching objective of our five-year research program will address the following question: Does the rate, quantity and duration of SOC sequestration under perennial vegetation BMPs enable the optimization for both agricultural climate change adaptation and mitigation objectives at the landscape scale.******My lab's five-year research program has three specific objectives: ***(1.) Quantify the rate, amount and duration of SOC sequestration and losses for BMPs and land use change; ***(2.) Elucidate the mechanisms that control SOC dynamics for these land management options; and ***(3.) Parameterize, validate and model BMPs and land use change options at the landscape scale given expected climate projections to test for adaption and mitigation synergies.******My research program will increase the understanding of the mechanisms that control SOC sequestration to develop regionally appropriate models and help improve global ones. This research will greatly enhance Canadian and global efforts to meet commitments to mitigate climate change while at the same time improve the capacity to produce food.

提高农业生产的弹性并减少农业对气候变化的影响（即适应和减缓）的一个关键战略是采用有益的管理做法（BMPs），增加土壤有机碳（SOC）固存。然而，这种潜力的大小尚不清楚，最近的工作表明，由于温度升高导致的SOC损失可能高于先前的预期。为了解决这种不确定性，需要在多个空间和时间尺度上解决一些问题。 在田间尺度上，关于SOC与各种环境因素（如温度、降水）和管理因素（如耕作、土地利用变化）之间的动态关系仍存在问题。 影响SOC损失率的因素知之甚少，因为SOC可以恢复的速率或浓度增益将趋于稳定。在景观尺度上，目前还不清楚如何有效地过程模型预测SOC的长期变化给定BMP配置和土地利用变化，以及新的建模方法是否可以提高模拟的准确性。** 我的研究计划的首要长期目标是制定战略，同时最大限度地提高农业景观中的SOC保留，同时最大限度地减少温室气体排放。我们的短期计划主要集中在了解控制SOC动态的机制和改进过程模型，以测试在景观尺度的假设。 我们的方法需要缩放地块水平的景观分析和预测结果随着时间的推移，使用地理信息系统，遥感和生态系统过程模型。我们五年研究计划的总体目标将解决以下问题：多年生植被BMPs下SOC封存的速率，数量和持续时间是否能够优化农业气候变化适应和减缓目标在景观尺度上。我实验室的五年研究计划有三个具体目标：*（1）。量化SOC固存的速率、数量和持续时间以及BMPs和土地利用变化的损失; *（2.）阐明控制这些土地管理方案SOC动态的机制;以及 *（3.）在考虑到预期气候预测的情况下，在景观尺度上对最佳管理计划和土地利用变化备选方案进行参数化、验证和建模，以测试适应和减缓的协同作用。我的研究计划将增加对控制SOC封存机制的理解，以开发适合区域的模型，并帮助改善全球模型。这项研究将大大加强加拿大和全球为履行减缓气候变化的承诺而作出的努力，同时提高粮食生产能力。