Remote sounding of air quality and greenhouse gases in the Arctic

我研究的首要目标是利用各种仪器和数据分析工具，更好地了解决定大气成分和驱动大气变化的过程。该提案描述了两个使用红外光谱技术进行长期观测的项目，这些观测对于解决“北极大气的组成是什么以及它如何以及为什么随时间变化”这个问题至关重要。北极被广泛认为是我们对全球变化的早期预警系统。加拿大拥有广袤的北极陆地，有义务对本国人民和国际社会在今后几年监测北极大气方面尽自己的一份力量。**第一个项目涉及研究生物质燃烧和污染事件，使用傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱仪进行测量，部署在极地环境大气研究实验室（PEARL）在尤里卡，努纳武特在遥远的高北极（80N, 86W）。这些数据将用于研究对流层组成的变异性和趋势，并将与GEOS-Chem模式进行比较，以表征生物质燃烧和污染事件的起源、演变和影响，并改进模式排放清单。**第二个项目涉及全碳柱观测网络（TCCON）背景下的温室气体研究，PEARL FTIR光谱仪于2010年6月加入该网络。我们将实施网络的数据分析协议，该协议由对总塔二氧化碳的极高精度要求定义。我们将与其他TCCON站点合作，利用这些数据研究碳循环，特别是区域通量和远程输送对CO2和CH4时空梯度的影响。我们还将为日本的GOSAT和美国宇航局的OCO-2任务提供宝贵的北极地面实况测量。**申请的资金将支持每年两名研究生访问尤里卡的PEARL设施进行计划的研究。**

The overarching goal of my research is to provide a better understanding of the processes that determine atmospheric composition and drive atmospheric change, using a variety of instruments and data analysis tools. This proposal describes two projects that employ infrared spectroscopic techniques to make the long-term observations that are essential to address the question of "What is the composition of the Arctic atmosphere and how and why is it changing with time?" The Arctic is widely recognized as our early warning system for global change, and with its large Arctic landmass, Canada has an obligation to its own population and to the global community to do its part in monitoring the Arctic atmosphere in the years ahead.** The first project involves Studies of Biomass Burning and Pollution Events using measurements made with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer deployed at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) at Eureka, Nunavut in the remote high Arctic (80N, 86W). These data will be used to investigate variability and trends in tropospheric composition, and will be compared to the GEOS-Chem model to characterize the origin, evolution, and impact of biomass burning and pollution events and to improve model emission inventories.** The second project involves Studies of Greenhouse Gases in the context of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON), which the PEARL FTIR spectrometer joined in June 2010. We will implement the network's data analysis protocol, defined by the extreme precision requirements for total column CO2. We will collaborate with other TCCON sites in using the data to study the carbon cycle, particularly the influence of regional fluxes and long-range transport on spatial and temporal gradients in CO2 and CH4. We will also provide valuable Arctic ground-truth measurements for Japan's GOSAT and NASA's OCO-2 missions.** The requested funding will support the visit of two graduate students per year to the PEARL facility at Eureka to conduct the planned research. **