Understanding the responses of fish species to municipal wastewater effluents

由于暴露差异与栖息地的偏好和缺乏记录的物种之间的代谢变异，并受生活史特征和生殖策略的影响，鱼类物种对环境干扰的敏感性不同。许多监测方案侧重于数量丰富、分布广泛和易于捕捞的单一鱼种，很少有比较研究考察不同鱼种的相对敏感性。直到最近，我的发现补助金研究主要集中在纸浆和造纸废水，水电设施和农业作为压力源。 市政污水是加拿大河流系统的主要输入来源，我的计划将转向这些污水，重点是提高我们对栖息地偏好，生殖策略和代谢差异对暴露和应激反应的相互作用的理解。鱼类采集将与阿尔伯塔、安大略和新玩法的大型河流系统中现有的长期监测项目合作，并使用一系列相关研究来扩大监测项目中目前使用的物种数量，以更好地了解物种敏感性差异的基础。目标1将研究暴露，吸收和生理反应的差异，并比较不同的生殖策略，包括单一的春季产卵，多个夏季产卵，产卵期延长的阿萨巴斯卡河（AB）和在格兰德河（ON）的鱼类的反应。 为了消除流动性对暴露的混杂影响，研究将包括不同鱼类的一些短期同时暴露，以观察代谢能力和对暴露的转录组学反应，以更好地表征物种的敏感性。目标2将研究流动性，栖息地选择和喂养偏好的差异在影响城市污水排放相关化学品的暴露和吸收方面的作用，并利用圣约翰河（NB）和阿萨巴斯卡（AB）的长期研究。 我的研究计划的长期目标是提供关键的新知识，了解采样的时间，物种选择和终点确定，以帮助了解鱼类物种对城市废水的敏感性。 总的来说，这些研究将研究全国20种鱼类之间差异的基础，试图建立一个物种对复杂压力敏感性的通用模型。这个发现补助金计划将提供一个刺激的培训环境，是跨学科的性质，在实践中合作，并在全国重点。

Fish species differ in their sensitivity to environmental disturbance due to exposure differences associated with habitat preferences and poorly documented between species variability in metabolism, and influenced by life history traits and reproductive strategies. Many monitoring programs focus on single fish species that are abundant, widely distributed and easy to catch, and there have been few comparative studies examining the relative sensitivity of different fish species. Until recently, my Discovery Grant research primarily focused on pulp and paper effluents, hydroelectric facilities, and agriculture as stressors. Municipal effluents are a major source of inputs to Canadian river systems, and my program will shift to these effluents to focus on improving our understanding of the interaction of habitat preferences, reproductive strategies, and metabolic differences on exposure and responses to stressors. The fish collections will collaborate with existing long term monitoring programs in large river systems in Alberta, Ontario and New Brunswick, and use a series of linked studies to expand the number of species examined beyond those currently utilized in the monitoring programs in an effort to develop a better understanding of the basis for species differences in sensitivity. Objective 1 will examine differences in exposure, uptake, and physiological response, and compare the responses of fish species with differing reproductive strategies, including single spring spawners, multiple summer spawners with few spawns, and those with extended spawning periods in the Athabasca River (AB) and in the Grand River (ON). To remove the confounding effect of mobility on exposure, the research will include some short term simultaneous exposures of different fish species to look at metabolic capacity and transcriptomic responses to exposure to better characterize species sensitivities. Objective 2 will examine the role that differences in mobility, habitat choice and feeding preferences play in affecting exposure and uptake of municipal wastewater effluent-related chemicals, and utilize long term studies in the Saint John River (NB) and the Athabasca (AB). The long-term objectives of my research program are to provide critical new knowledge to understanding the timing of sampling, species selection, and endpoint determination to help understand fish species sensitivity to municipal wastewaters. In total, the studies will examine the basis for differences across 20 fish species across the country, in an attempt to develop a generalized model for species sensitivity to complex stressors. This Discovery Grant program will provide a stimulating training environment that is interdisciplinary in nature, collaborative in practice, and national in focus.