Passive and active energy dissipation devices for superior crashworthiness performance

拟议的研究计划将继续进行实验、数值和理论研究，以开发新型和高性能的结构能量吸收装置。这些研究将寻求了解和开发与许多安全应用相关的被动和主动自适应消能结构，包括但不限于个人安全设备和汽车、航空航天和爆炸防护行业。两个具体的研究领域旨在开发这些自适应能量耗散装置，即(I)应用挤压的切割变形模式，以实现在变形期间表现出所需的和可控的载荷/位移行为的系统，以及(Ii)理解和开发泡沫填充编织管作为一种新型的能量耗散装置。这项研究项目的长期目标是开发高性能、新颖、坚固和有效的能量吸收装置，以减少在广泛的安全应用中因坠落、汽车碰撞、行人碰撞、爆炸或炸弹爆炸而造成的重伤或死亡。*实验研究将在准静态、动态和弹道加载条件下进行，学生将使用最先进的设备，包括但不限于(I)独特的长冲程准静态拉伸/压缩试验机，(Ii)两个落塔试验装置，(Iii)定制的气动弹道冲击装置，和(Iv)传统的准静态拉/压加载机。将通过使用传感器、高速摄影和相关的数字图像分析软件以及光学应变测量系统(使用传统和高速相机)来量化能量吸收器的变形特征和性能。数值模型也将在申请人以前开发的工程模型的基础上扩展，使用传统的拉格朗日有限元公式以及欧拉和光滑粒子流体力学技术。这些扩展的模型将被实验验证，并用于了解变形行为和适当的策略，以设计自适应消能装置。申请人的研究团队先前构建的理论模型将被用于、修改和扩展到优化研究中，以预测设备性能和增强。实验、数值和分析相结合的方法有望导致设计良好的自适应消能系统的发展。拟议研究拨款的资助将用于培训高素质的人员，并进行开发这些高级耗能装置的研究。**

The proposed research program will continue experimental, numerical, and theoretical studies towards the development of novel and high performing structural energy absorbing devices. These investigations will seek to understand and develop both passive and active adaptive energy dissipation structures relevant to many safety applications, including but not limited to, personal safety devices and automotive, aerospace, and blast protection industries. Two specific areas of research are targeted towards the development of these adaptive energy dissipation devices, namely, (i) the application of a cutting deformation mode of extrusions towards achieving a system which exhibits desired and controlled load/displacement behaviour during deformation, and (ii) the understanding and development of foam filled braided tubes as a novel energy dissipation device. The long term objectives of this research project are to develop high performance, novel, robust, and effective energy absorbing devices so as to mitigate serious injuries or death as a result of falls, automotive crashes, pedestrian impacts, blasts, or bomb explosions in a broad range of safety applications.****Experimental studies will be conducted under quasi-static, dynamic, and ballistic loading conditions and students will be utilizing state of the art equipment, including but not limited to (i) a unique long stroke quasi-static tension/compression testing machine, (ii) two droptower testing devices, (iii) a custom built pneumatic ballistic impact device, and (iv) traditional quasi-static tension/compression loading machines. Quantification of the deformation characteristics and performance of the energy absorbers will occur through the use of transducers, high speed photography and associated digital image analysis software, as well as optical strain measurement systems (using both traditional and high speed cameras). Numerical models will also be extended from the applicant's previously developed engineering models utilizing traditional Lagrangian finite element formulations as well as Eulerian and smooth particle hydrodynamic technologies. These extended models will be experimentally validated and used to understand deformation behaviour and appropriate strategies for design of the adaptive energy dissipation devices. Theoretical models, previously constructed by the applicant's research team, will be used, modified, and extended into optimization studies for prediction of device performance and enhancement. The combined experimental, numerical, and analytical approaches are expected to result in the development of well-engineered adaptive energy dissipation systems. Support from the proposed research grant will provide assistance to train highly qualified personnel and conduct research in the development of these superior energy dissipation devices.**