Behavior of lithosphere and asthenosphere in slab window environments

板窗环境中岩石圈和软流圈的行为

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2016-04375
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Interactions between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere control many aspects of Earth evolution including volcanism, earthquakes and mountain building. The lithosphere is rigid, overlies the asthenosphere and is divided into numerous tectonic plates. At some plate boundaries, one lithospheric plate slides beneath another and descends into the asthenosphere. These boundaries, called subduction zones, are characterized by violent volcanic activity along curved belts such as the Pacific Ring of Fire.***One significant gap in our understanding of subduction zones is the behavior of lithosphere and asthenosphere at slab windows, which are breaches in the subducting lithosphere caused mainly by tearing or ridge subduction. Several slab windows are currently active on Earth, particularly along the western margin of the Americas, in the southwest Pacific and the eastern Mediterranean. Volcanoes are commonly located above slab windows and their distribution and composition are proxies for the position and behavior of subducted lithosphere and ambient asthenosphere.***The proposed research will consist of graduate student-centered investigations in key locations in Canada and Turkey. The first will test a hypothesis that southern British Columbia has shifted from a slab window environment to a slab-present situation and back to a slab window environment during the past 55 m.y. In this investigation, a PhD student will study Eocene volcanic and plutonic rocks, an MSc student will examine Quaternary lavas and a BSc Honors student will study Oligocene volcanic rocks. The second will test a hypothesis that Turkey is underlain by subducted lithosphere of the African plate that fragmented in the Neogene. A PhD student will test this idea by examining Neogene to Holocene volcanoes of the Cappadocia belt. The work will be carried out in collaboration with faculty at a Turkish university. These two investigations will involve field research and laboratory analysis to define the current and past distribution and behavior of slab and asthenosphere. Sensitive boron and beryllium isotopes will be used to track geochemical contributions from the slab and subducted sediment and provide an independent assessment of the subsurface processes. In the third investigation, a PhD student will test the hypothesis that slab melting and fragmentation at slab windows has significantly affected the composition of the crust and mantle through geologic time. By compiling information on igneous rocks from slab windows worldwide, and developing a methodology to describe slab-edge behavior, my research will provide the first time-integrated view of the global effects of slab windows. Overall, the research will improve our understanding of how slab windows are affecting volcanism in western Canada and the Middle East, and have contributed to the compositional evolution of Earth since the onset of plate tectonics.**
岩石圈和软流圈之间的相互作用控制着地球演化的许多方面,包括火山作用、地震和造山。岩石圈是坚硬的,覆盖在软流圈之上,并被划分为许多构造板块。在一些板块边界,一个岩石圈板块在另一个板块之下滑动,并下降到软流圈。这些边界被称为俯冲带,其特点是沿太平洋火环等弯曲带剧烈的火山活动。*我们对俯冲带认识的一个重大差距是岩石圈和软流圈在板条窗口的行为,它们是俯冲岩石圈中的破裂,主要由撕裂或海脊俯冲引起。地球上目前有几个板窗,特别是在美洲西缘、西南太平洋和地中海东部。火山通常位于板条窗口上方,其分布和组成代表了俯冲岩石圈和周围软流圈的位置和行为。*拟议的研究将包括在加拿大和土耳其的关键地点以研究生为中心的调查。第一个将检验一个假设,即在过去的55英里内,不列颠哥伦比亚省南部已经从平板窗口环境转移到平板窗口环境,然后又回到平板窗口环境。在这次调查中,一名博士生将研究始新世火山岩和深成岩,一名理学硕士学生将研究第四纪熔岩,一名理科荣誉学生将研究渐新世火山岩。第二项研究将检验一种假设,即土耳其是由非洲板块俯冲的岩石圈构成的,该岩石圈在新近纪碎裂。一名博士生将通过研究卡帕多西亚带的新近纪到全新世火山来检验这一想法。这项工作将与土耳其一所大学的教职员工合作进行。这两项调查将涉及实地研究和实验室分析,以确定板块和软流圈现在和过去的分布和行为。敏感的硼和铍同位素将被用来追踪板块和俯冲沉积物的地球化学贡献,并对地下过程进行独立评估。在第三项研究中,一名博士生将检验这一假设,即随着地质时间的推移,板片窗口的板片熔化和破碎显著影响了地壳和地幔的组成。通过汇编世界各地板条窗口中有关火成岩的信息,并开发一种描述板条边缘行为的方法,我的研究将首次提供关于板条窗口全球影响的时间综合视图。总体而言,这项研究将提高我们对板窗如何影响加拿大西部和中东火山活动的理解,并有助于自板块构造开始以来地球的成分演化。

项目成果

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Thorkelson, Derek其他文献

Thorkelson, Derek的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Thorkelson, Derek', 18)}}的其他基金

Behavior of lithosphere and asthenosphere in slab window environments
板窗环境中岩石圈和软流圈的行为
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2016-04375
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Behavior of lithosphere and asthenosphere in slab window environments
板窗环境中岩石圈和软流圈的行为
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2016-04375
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Behavior of lithosphere and asthenosphere in slab window environments
板窗环境中岩石圈和软流圈的行为
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2016-04375
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Behavior of lithosphere and asthenosphere in slab window environments
板窗环境中岩石圈和软流圈的行为
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2016-04375
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Behavior of lithosphere and asthenosphere in slab window environments
板窗环境中岩石圈和软流圈的行为
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2016-04375
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Potential for surface rupture from seismic activity in the Richardson fault array
理查森断层阵列中地震活动导致地表破裂的可能性
  • 批准号:
    305434-2011
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Petrology and tectonics of the Cordillera
科迪勒拉山脉的岩石学和构造学
  • 批准号:
    194090-2011
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Petrology and tectonics of the Cordillera
科迪勒拉山脉的岩石学和构造学
  • 批准号:
    194090-2011
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Potential for surface rupture from seismic activity in the Richardson fault array
理查森断层阵列中地震活动导致地表破裂的可能性
  • 批准号:
    305434-2011
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Petrology and tectonics of the Cordillera
科迪勒拉山脉的岩石学和构造学
  • 批准号:
    194090-2011
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.91万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

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非洲东北部600米尔显生宙时期岩石圈-软流圈边界的演化
  • 批准号:
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  • 项目类别:
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