Non-Covalent Supramolecular Donor-Acceptor Arrays With Nanocarbon Materials for Light-Harvesting

卟啉及其类似物是众所周知的“生命色素”，参与光收集，氧转移和生物基质的转化。研究了多种合成卟啉作为人造光收集材料，其最佳系统在太阳能光电转换中可提供bb0 - 13%的效率。含二茂铁卟啉，硼二吡咯烯（BODIPYs）和硼氮二吡咯烯（aza-BODIPYs）是光捕获的重要候选者。在有机光伏（OPV）中有效使用这些化合物需要这些分子与电子受体（如富勒烯、纳米管和石墨烯）的非共价附着。芘基团可以促进这种与纳米碳材料的非共价相互作用。在该计划中，我们将针对新的二铁（供体）-芘（非共价“胶”）-卟啉/BODIPY/ za-BODIPY（天线）杂合体，这些杂合体有可能改善opv的光收集特性。******我们的短期目标是：(i)制备新的二茂铁-芘-卟啉/BODIPY/氮杂化体，能够与纳米碳材料形成强的非共价配合物。二茂铁供体将与天线的pi系统完全共轭，以促进电子转移到光激发的发色团。（ii）通过各种光谱学和（光谱）电化学方法、x射线晶体学和理论计算来表征几何和电子特性有系统变化的新材料，以探测它们在光电器件中有用的光致电子转移特性。（iii）研究新型供体-受体杂化物与纳米碳材料之间的非共价配合物。光捕获二元体与纳米碳材料之间的非共价配合物可形成长寿命的电荷分离态，提高OPV的效率。******作为一个长期目标，对新化合物的系统研究将使我们了解发色团的性质、氧化还原中心之间的通键和通空间距离、以及与天线的供体和受体偶联的类型如何以及在多大程度上控制这些系统中的氧化还原过程、稳定性和光诱导电子转移性质。了解供体、天线和纳米碳受体之间的电子相互作用是非常重要的，并且可能会在制备用于光收集的纳米级功能材料方面取得突破性进展。这个专门设计的课程特别适合本科生和研究生，他们将在无机化学和材料化学、光谱学和计算化学等领域接受独特的培训，这将使他们能够申请到对技能要求很高的职位。**

Porphyrins and their analogues are well-known "pigments of life", which are involved in light-harvesting, oxygen transfer, and transformation of biological substrates. A variety of synthetic porphyrins have been studied as artificial light-harvesting materials with the best system providing >13% efficiency in the solar light-to-electricity conversion. Ferrocene-containing porphyrins, borondipyrromethenes (BODIPYs), and boronazadipyrromethenes (aza-BODIPYs) are prominent candidates for light-harvesting. Efficient use of such compounds in organic photovoltaics (OPV) requires non-covalent attachment of these molecules to the electron-acceptors such as fullerenes, nanotubes, and graphene. The pyrene group can facilitate such desired non-covalent interactions with nanocarbon materials. In proposed program, we will target new ferrocene (donor) - pyrene (non-covalent "glue") - porphyrin/BODIPY/aza-BODIPY (antennae) hybrids that have a potential to improve light-harvesting characteristics in OPVs.******Our short-term objectives are: (i) to prepare new ferrocene-pyrene-porphyrin/BODIPY/aza-BODIPY hybrids capable of forming strong non-covalent complexes with nanocabron materials. The ferrocene donor will be fully conjugated with the pi-system of the antennae to facilitate electron-transfer to the photoexcited chromophore. (ii) To characterize new materials with systematic variation in geometric and electronic properties by a variety of spectroscopic and (spectro)electrochemical methods, X-ray crystallography, and theoretical calculations in order to probe their photoinduced electron-transfer properties useful in OPVs. (iii) To study non-covalent complexes between new donor-acceptor hybrids and nanocarbon materials. The non-covalent complexes between light-harvesting dyads and nanocarbon materials will result in the formation of long-lived charge-separation states and improve the efficiency of OPV.******As a long-term objective, the systematic investigation of the new compounds will allow us to understand how and to what extent the nature of the chromophore, the through-bond and through-space distance between the redox centers, and the type of donor and acceptor conjugation with the antennae can control redox processes, stability, and photo-induced electron-transfer properties in these systems. The understanding of electronic interactions between donor, antennae, and nanocarbon acceptor is very important and likely will result in groundbreaking advances in preparation of nanoscale functional materials useful for light-harvesting. The specifically designed program is especially suitable for undergraduate and graduate students, who will receive unique training in the fields of inorganic and materials chemistry, spectroscopy, and computational chemistry, which will allow them to apply to positions that require highly desired skills. **