Dynamical Phenomena in Quantum Field Theory and String Theory

所提出的研究重点是理解强耦合规范理论和引力中的一大类动力学现象。在规范理论方面，我感兴趣的问题有*非平衡态的准备；量子猝灭和*随后的热化；动力学演化中的熵产生；*热化的局域和非局域探测；量子场论中*类属态的后期行为。在重力方面，我对引力坍塌感兴趣，特别是事件视界形成的条件；湍流在视界形成中起作用吗？此外，我对*构建弦理论中的膨胀模型，以及理解*宇宙的起源有着长期的兴趣。在这种观点下，我对最近宣布的探测到原始引力波的实验声明特别兴奋。*要在这些基本问题中取得进展，必须把它们*放在一起考虑：马尔达塞纳的全息对应提供了量子场论和引力问题之间的映射*。我相信*将直觉和以前在这些看似不同的理论物理子领域的研究结合起来，将会带来进一步的*突破。将该项目分为三个*子主题是很自然的：*1)从热力学到流体力学再到非平衡规范*等离子体理论。在这里，我打算继续开发我在过去三年中一直积极参与的*全息量子猝灭程序。一项主要的工作是设计新的数值*代码，该代码将能够在没有同质性和各向同性假设的情况下*处理淬火系统的动力学。我希望阐明远离平衡的熵的*定义，详细描述非平衡动力学的各种局域和非局域探测。我计划*在全息规范/弦对应的真实(限制)模型*中进行“碰撞”的模拟。这一结果应该会引起参与RHIC和LHC重离子实验项目的研究人员的兴趣。2)引力坍塌、地平线形成和湍流。在这里，我*继续在*渐近的广告中推进我的引力崩塌程序。我希望回答的主要基本问题*涉及对强耦合系统中状态的限制，尽管存在相互作用，但无法平衡和热化。我希望我的*研究将有助于更好地理解霍金最近关于黑洞信息悖论中湍流的作用的*建议。*3)弦理论中的暴涨与宇宙起源我打算*改进我过去研究的弦理论中的暴涨模型。这样做的动机是希望，由于原始引力波的潜在发现*表明*通胀的高规模，在*BICEP 2数据中可能隐藏着弦膨胀的迹象。

The focus of proposed research is understanding a broad class of***dynamical phenomena in strongly coupled gauge theories and***gravity. One the gauge theory side, I am interested in questions of***preparations of non--equilibrium states; quantum quenches and***subsequent thermalization; entropy production in dynamical evolution;***local and non-local probes of thermalization; late--time behaviour of***generic states in Quantum Field Theories. On the gravity side I am***interested in gravitational collapse, specifically the conditions***under which the event horizon is formed; does turbulence play a role***in horizon formation? Additionally, I have a long--standing interest in***constructing inflationary models in String Theory, and understanding***the origin of the Universe. In this view, I was particularly excited***by recent experiment announcement for the detection of the primordial***gravitational waves. ***To make progress in any of these fundamental problems, they must be considered***together: holographic correspondence of Maldacena provides a mapping***between Quantum Field Theory and Gravitational problems. I believe***that combining the intuition and previous research in these seemingly***different sub-fields of theoretical physics would lead to further***breakthroughs. It it natural to separate the project into three***sub-themes:***1) From Thermodynamics to Hydrodynamics to Non--equilibrium Gauge***Theory Plasma. Here I intend to continue development of program of***holographic quantum quenches I have been actively involved with in the***last 3 years. A major effort is related to designing novel numerical***codes that would be able to address the dynamics of quenching systems***without homogeneity and isotropy assumptions. I hope to shed light on***definition of entropy far -from- equilibrium, describe in details***various local and non--local probes of non--equilibrium dynamics. I plan***to perform simulations of ``collisions'' in realistic (confining)***models of holographic gauge/string correspondence. The results should***be of interest to researchers involved in experimental heavy -ion***programs at RHIC and LHC.******2) Gravitational Collapse, Horizon Formation and Turbulence. Here, I***continue to further my program of gravitational collapse in***asymptotically AdS. The main fundamental question I hope to answer***relates to constraints on states in strongly coupled systems that,***despite interactions, fail to equilibrate and thermalize. I hope my***research would help better understand recent Hawking suggestion***concerning the role of turbulence in Black Hole information paradox.******3) Inflation and Origin of the Universe in String Theory I intend to***refine the models of Inflation in String Theory that I worked on in***the past. The motivation for this is the hope that as the potential***discovery of primordial gravitation waves suggests the high scale of***inflation, there might be signatures of String Inflation hidden in***BICEP 2 data.**