Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences

高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Reports of increasing shrub cover in the Low Arctic are mounting whereas the situation at the transition between Low and High Arctic, remains understudied. Yet we recently highlighted the sensitivity of shrubs to climate variability near their longitudinal limit. An increase in erect shrub cover (20 to 70cm high or more) where only prostrate vegetation grows would drastically transform the High Arctic. Similarly to the treeline, I refer to this transition as the erect shrubline. Isolated populations of these shrubs have maintained themselves for years at these latitudes but the recent warming may have promoted better growth and/or production of more viable seeds. If this is the case, erect shrubs may invade adjacent prostrate communities. My long-term research objective is to contribute to a better understanding of the dynamic of arctic vegetation, its pivotal role in northern ecosystems and the ecological processes involved in this transformation. Over the next five years, with my students, we will combine field observations, shrub ring counts (dendrochronology) and a field experiment with snow manipulation (snow fences) and nutrient addition to address the status of erect shrubs at the northern limit of their range in Canada. We will analyse functional traits (basic characteristics that can be compared among sites and also can be used to model plant growth) of dominant shrub species and determine the distribution, reproductive status and colonisation pattern of erect shrub populations in high arctic ecosystems of Baffin and Bylot Islands, Nunavut. We will first try to answer two questions about the response of shrubs to current changes : Q1. Are erect shrub populations increasing at the northern limit of their range? Q2. What are the plant functional strategies of dominant shrub species in the High Arctic? Then, we will quantify the effect of erect shrub growth on local ecosystem transformation in the High Arctic to address a third question : Q3. How is a shift in growth form impacting high arctic ecosystems? A shift from herb and prostrate shrub tundra to erect shrub tundra will require redrawing of the current limit of the High Arctic, and will critically alter the productivity of the system (more shrubs, less lichens) impacting directly foodwebs (herbivores and decomposers), ecosystem processes (nutrient cycling) and the global system (albedo, carbon flux). Taller vegetation will trap snow altering winter processes (including insulation of permafrost, albedo, shelter of small mammals and traffic routes). Whether the progression of erect shrub tundra is slow or rapid is currently unknown, and the proposed project will be the first to address this question at the landscape level in critical locations in High Arctic Canada.
关于低北极地区灌木覆盖率增加的报告越来越多,而低北极和高北极之间的过渡情况仍然没有得到充分研究。然而,我们最近强调了灌木对接近其纵向极限的气候变化的敏感性。只有匍匐植被生长的直立灌木覆盖(20至70厘米高或更高)的增加将彻底改变高北极地区。与树线相似,我把这种过渡称为直立灌木线。这些灌木的孤立种群在这些纬度地区保持了多年,但最近的变暖可能促进了更好的生长和/或生产更有活力的种子。如果是这种情况,直立的灌木可能会侵入邻近的匍匐群落。 我的长期研究目标是更好地了解北极植被的动态,它在北方生态系统中的关键作用以及这种转变所涉及的生态过程。在接下来的五年里,与我的学生,我们将结合联合收割机实地观察,灌木年轮计数(树木年代学)和实地实验与雪操纵(雪栅栏)和营养添加,以解决直立灌木在加拿大的范围的北方限制的地位。我们将分析功能性状(基本特征,可以比较网站之间,也可以用来模拟植物生长)的优势灌木物种和确定的分布,繁殖状态和殖民模式的直立灌木种群在高北极生态系统的巴芬和拜洛特群岛,努纳武特。我们将首先尝试回答两个关于灌木对当前变化的反应的问题:Q1。直立灌木种群在其分布范围的北方界限增加吗?Q2.高北极地区主要灌木物种的植物功能策略是什么?然后,我们将量化直立灌木生长对高北极地区当地生态系统转变的影响,以解决第三个问题:Q3。增长方式的转变如何影响北极生态系统? 从草本植物和匍匐灌木苔原向直立灌木苔原的转变将需要重新划定高北极目前的界限,并将严重改变系统的生产力(更多灌木,更少地衣),直接影响食物网(食草动物和分解者),生态系统过程(养分循环)和全球系统(碳通量)。较高的植被将捕获雪改变冬季过程(包括永久冻土层的绝缘,植被,小型哺乳动物的庇护所和交通路线)。直立灌木苔原的进展是缓慢还是快速目前尚不清楚,拟议的项目将是第一个解决这个问题的景观水平在高北极加拿大的关键位置。

项目成果

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Lévesque, Esther其他文献

Lévesque, Esther的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Lévesque, Esther', 18)}}的其他基金

Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: landscape transformation
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:景观转变
  • 批准号:
    331407-2015
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: landscape transformation
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:景观转变
  • 批准号:
    331407-2015
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: landscape transformation
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:景观转变
  • 批准号:
    331407-2015
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: landscape transformation
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:景观转变
  • 批准号:
    331407-2015
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: landscape transformation
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:景观转变
  • 批准号:
    331407-2015
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

相似海外基金

Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: landscape transformation
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:景观转变
  • 批准号:
    331407-2015
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: landscape transformation
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:景观转变
  • 批准号:
    331407-2015
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: landscape transformation
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:景观转变
  • 批准号:
    331407-2015
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: landscape transformation
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:景观转变
  • 批准号:
    331407-2015
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: landscape transformation
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:景观转变
  • 批准号:
    331407-2015
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Erect shrub encroachment in the High Arctic: evidence and consequences
高北极地区的直立灌木侵占:证据和后果
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05319
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
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