Characterizing the elemental enrichment patterns of fractionated road dust and fluxes in the environment

表征环境中分馏道路灰尘和通量的元素富集模式

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05966
• 负责人: Wiseman, Clare
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=713970
• 关键词: Characterizing; elemental; enrichment; patterns; fractionated

Road dust is a sink for a range of metals and metalloids emitted from traffic-related activity in both exhaust (tailpipe) and non-exhaust (wear of street surfaces, automotive components, etc. and their resuspension) forms. As a pollutant sink, road dust is a likely major contributor to local air, water and soil contamination. The evidence to date suggests the finer particle size fractions of road dust have a high potential to be mobilized via resuspension processes and impact local air quality. While the chemical composition of road dust in particle size fractions >63 microns has been well-characterized in a number of studies, there are large data gaps on the following: 1. total traffic-associated particle and metal loadings to roads, 2. elemental enrichment patterns as a function of particle size fraction and associated potential to be mobilized via resuspension processes and, 3. the contribution of specific automotive and street wear sources to road dust particle size fractions capable of being inhaled. This hinders an estimation of road dust-associated elemental fluxes in an urban context and the identification of source emissions as a function of particle size contribution and potential toxicity for management and abatement purposes. In particular, data is lacking regarding the concentrations and road dust enrichment patterns of emerging metals of concern such as rare earths and platinum group elements. The proposed research will systematically examine the particle size mass distribution and associated metal and metalloid enrichment of road dust collected from a variety of roads with different traffic volumes, fleet composition, etc., in the Greater Toronto Area. The particle size distribution of total road dust samples will be examined to estimate the mass contribution of fine fractions of human and environmental health concern to total amounts deposited on roads of various types. Metal and metalloid concentrations will be determined for unfractionated and fractionated road dust samples for the calculation of elemental loading to streets and flux estimates. The data serve as a basis for development of a model to assess the extent to which mobile fractions of road dust may contribute to urban air pollution and contamination on a wider spatial scale.

道路灰尘是一系列金属和金属的水槽，这些金属和金属因排气（尾管）和非偏心（街道表面，汽车组件的磨损，汽车组件等及其重新悬浮）的形式都与交通相关的活动发出。作为污染物的水槽，道路灰尘可能是当地空气，水和土壤污染的主要贡献者。迄今为止的证据表明，道路灰尘的粒度分数更高，可以通过重悬过程动员并影响当地空气质量动员。虽然粒度分数中道路灰尘的化学组成> 63微米在许多研究中都得到了充分的特征，但以下数据差距很大：1。总交通相关的粒子和金属载荷到道路上，2。元素丰富模式，2。元素富集模式，粒度分数和相关的粒径，可通过Resusepention和3的范围散发出粒径，并构成了杂物的范围。被吸入。这阻碍了城市环境中与道路灰尘相关的元素通量的估计，并鉴定源排放是粒度贡献和潜在的毒性和潜在的毒性，以进行管理和减排。特别是，缺乏有关新兴金属（例如稀土和铂类元素）的浓度和道路粉尘富集模式的数据。 拟议的研究将系统地检查粒度质量分布以及相关的金属和金属浓缩，从大多伦多地区的各种交通量，车队组成等各种道路收集的道路灰尘富集。将检查总道路灰尘样品的粒度分布，以估算人类和环境健康问题对各种类型道路上的总量的质量贡献。将确定金属和金属浓度的未分离和分级道路灰尘样品，以计算元素载荷到街道和通量估计值。该数据是开发模型的基础，以评估道路灰尘的移动部分可能在更广泛的空间规模上造成城市空气污染和污染的程度。