Structural and tectonic evolution of orogenic belts, with an emphasis on kinematics of shear zones, accretionary/collisional orogens and Archean tectonics

造山带的结构和构造演化，重点是剪切带、增生/碰撞造山带和太古代构造运动学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04305
• 负责人: Lin, Shoufa
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=714767
• 关键词: Structural; tectonic; evolution; orogenic; belts

The long term goal of my research is to develop a stronger understanding of structural and tectonic evolution of mountain belts, the evolution of tectonic processes through time, and the structural and tectonic control on mineralization. The proposed study will focus on three ancient mountain belts of contrasting ages and styles: the Proterozoic to Mesozoic South China Block and the Paleozoic Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) in China and the Archean Superior craton in Canada. Continental margins, especially passive margins, commonly have irregular shapes and exhibit promontories and reentrants. Where this is the case, collision between two continents is expected to start at a promontory or between two promontories. This has major implications for tectonic evolution of orogens, but has drawn only limited attention. A better understanding of the role of irregular continental margins in collision through a study of the Early Paleozoic Orogen in South China is one of the objectives of the proposed study. Promontory collision offers a solution to the biggest puzzle concerning South China in the early Paleozoic, that is, a major tectono-thermal event in South China, with characters of a collisional orogeny, took place tens of millions of years after the Gondwana supercontinent had been assembled and collision appeared to have been over. Our work in the CAOB will focus on the timing and processes of the final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, through a detailed study of a Carboniferous-Permian volcano-sedimentary sequence and syntectonic intrusions and a potential ophiolite sequence. We will also pay special attention to the geometry, kinematics, temporal evolution and the tectonic significance of major terrane-bounding shear zones. Our work on the Superior craton has led to the recognition of evidence for both vertical and horizontal tectonism and, more importantly, for their synchronous operation. We have proposed that synchronous vertical and horizontal tectonism was an important process in the Neoarchean and represented a transition from dominant vertical tectonism in the Meso-(and Paleo-?) Archean to dominant horizontal tectonism in the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic. We will continue to test these interpretations and their general applicability. Our field-based study will be aided by numerical modelling, using a new code developed by our team that covers the time component by solving a generalized non-steady system with finite element method. The code is optimal for simulating geological processes with large deformation and for examining structural evolution in complex orogenic processes. These research efforts will train at least five graduate and many more undergraduate students in structural geology and tectonics. They will gain a competitive edge from our field-based, multidisciplinary and collaborative research experience.

我研究的长期目标是更好地理解山带的构造和构造演化，构造过程随时间的演化，以及构造和构造对成矿作用的控制。该研究将集中于三个不同时代和风格的古老山脉带：中国的元古代-中生代华南地块和古生代中亚造山带（CAOB）以及加拿大的太古代上级克拉通。 大陆边缘，特别是被动大陆边缘，通常形状不规则，有岬和折返。在这种情况下，两个大陆之间的碰撞预计将从一个海角或两个海角之间开始。这对造山带的构造演化具有重要意义，但只引起了有限的关注。通过对华南早古生代造山带的研究，更好地了解不规则大陆边缘在碰撞中的作用是拟议研究的目标之一。海角碰撞为解决华南早古生代最大的难题提供了一个答案，即冈瓦纳超大陆拼合、碰撞似已结束后数千万年，华南发生了一次具有碰撞造山特征的重大构造热事件。 我们在CAOB的工作将集中在时间和古亚洲洋最终关闭的过程中，通过一个石炭纪-二叠纪火山沉积序列和同构造侵入体和潜在的蛇绿岩序列的详细研究。我们还将特别注意主要的剪切带的几何学、运动学、时间演化和构造意义。 我们对上级克拉通的研究，使我们认识到了垂直和水平构造作用的证据，更重要的是，认识到了它们的同步作用。我们提出，垂直和水平同步构造作用是新太古代的一个重要过程，代表了中（古）太古代至元古宙和中生代的主导水平构造作用。我们将继续测试这些解释及其普遍适用性。 我们的实地研究将通过数值建模来辅助，使用我们团队开发的新代码，通过有限元法求解广义非稳态系统来覆盖时间分量。该程序是模拟大变形地质过程和研究复杂造山过程中构造演化的最佳程序。 这些研究工作将培养至少五名研究生和更多的本科生在结构地质学和构造学。他们将从我们的实地，多学科和合作研究经验中获得竞争优势。