Sustainable mobility in Canadian cities: Towards an integrated measurement and understanding of the performance of land use and transport systems and their impacts on travel behavior

随着人们日益认识到需要建立高效、可持续和公平的交通运输网络，交通运输领域正在发生重大变化。在这一快速发展的环境中，交通工程师需要开发和采用新的方法来衡量交通网络的性能，同时考虑到实施交通网络的土地使用系统以及用户不断变化的生活方式和偏好。我提出的研究计划旨在更好地了解，测量和模拟土地利用和交通系统的性能及其对出行行为和满意度的影响，以促进加拿大可持续城市交通网络的发展。为此，我打算（一）建立一个强大的跨学科研究小组，为加拿大的交通工程师和规划师提供改进的工具和方法，以支持综合土地利用和交通规划，以及（二）培养高素质的工程师，掌握改造城市交通所需的技能和工具。我将讨论三个相互关联的研究目标，重点是加拿大城市。首先，我将开发一个集成的R-ArcGIS工具，通过六个大中型加拿大大都市地区的可持续模式（步行，骑自行车和公共交通）来计算和可视化当地和区域的可达性（到达目的地的难易程度）。在建议的工具，我将开发一种新的方法来模拟无障碍自行车。该工具还将用于根据无障碍环境对旅行行为进行建模，从而能够进行基于无障碍环境的建模。其次，我将提出一种方法，以确定蒙特利尔汽车司机使用可持续模式的障碍。通过设计和传播一个大规模的调查，我将进行一个市场细分，整合空间和个人因素。最后，我将开发一种方法，使用大数据（智能卡和满意度调查）和面对面调查，评估活跃和公共交通网络的变化对蒙特利尔旅行行为和满意度的影响。拟议的研究计划将通过为两名博士和三名硕士生提供充足的资金，为HQP的培训做出重大贡献，这些学生将全职从事该计划，此外还将通过研究实习资助五名本科生。此外，研究议程将为加拿大城市提供新的方法和工具，以更好地规划对主动和公共交通的投资，同时解决从业人员、交通主管部门和城市目前正在处理的几个关键问题，以在加拿大城市设计高效、可持续和公平的交通网络。正如我过去所做的那样，我们的工作将通过会议和介绍向研究人员以及地方、国家和国际行为者传播。

The realm of transport is undergoing significant changes with the growing awareness regarding the need for efficient, sustainable, and equitable transport networks. In this rapidly evolving landscape, transport engineers are expected to develop and adopt new approaches to measure the performance of transport networks, while accounting for the land use systems in which they are implemented as well as the changing lifestyles and preferences of users. My proposed research program seeks to better understand, measure, and model the performance of land use and transport systems and their impacts on travel behavior and satisfaction, in order to contribute to the development of sustainable urban transport networks in Canada. To do so, I intend to (i) build a strong interdisciplinary research group that will provide transport engineers and planners in Canada with improved tools and methods to support integrated land use and transport planning, and (ii) train highly qualified engineers with the skills and tools required to transform urban mobility. I will address three interrelated research objectives, with a focus on Canadian cities. First, I will develop an integrated R-ArcGIS tool to calculate and visualize local and regional accessibility (the ease of reaching destinations) via sustainable modes (walking, cycling and public transport) in six large- and medium-size Canadian metropolitan regions. Within the proposed tool, I will develop a new methodology to model accessibility by bicycle. The tool will also be used to model travel behavior as a function of accessibility, thereby enabling accessibility-based modelling. Second, I will propose a methodology to identify the barriers to the use of sustainable modes among car drivers in Montreal. Through the design and dissemination of a large-scale survey, I will conduct a market segmentation that integrates both spatial and personal factors. Last, I will develop a methodology to assess the impacts of changes in active and public transport networks on travel behavior and satisfaction in Montreal, using big data (smart card and satisfaction surveys) and in-person surveys. The proposed research program will significantly contribute to the training of HQP by providing adequate funding to two PhD and three master students that will work full-time on this program, in addition to funding five bachelor students through research internships. Furthermore, the research agenda will provide Canadian cities with new methods and tools to better plan investments in active and public transport, while addressing several key questions that practitioners, transport authorities and cities are currently dealing with to design efficient, sustainable and equitable transport networks in Canadian cities. As I have done in the past, our work will be disseminated to researchers and to local, national and international actors through conferences and presentations.