Structural Control with Seismic Base Isolation Technology

利用地震基础隔震技术进行结构控制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-03924
• 负责人: VanEngelen, Niel
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=737252
• 关键词: Structural; Control; Seismic; Base; Isolation

Canadian cities are at significant risk due to seismic hazards. In addition to the potential for catastrophic damage to structures and loss of life, earthquakes present serious long-term challenges in the form of rebuilding and accommodating displaced people. Conventional approaches to designing structures for seismic loads focus on life safety, anticipating and accepting that damage to the structure will occur. State-of-the-art seismic protection technologies, such as base isolation, aim to reduce the seismic demand on the structure. The concept requires the installation of specialized devices that can accommodate large deflections without damage. The deformation due to the earthquake is concentrated at this flexible layer rather than being transmitted to the structure, which effectively protects the occupants from harm and the structure and the contents from damage. Provisions for base isolation technology have recently been included in the National Building Code of Canada. The design of base isolation devices has progressed towards complex adaptive devices. These devices allow the response of the structure to be tailored to the magnitude of the earthquake. Although the potential benefits of adaptive devices are promising, the performance of such devices at extreme load levels is not well understood. This may lead to unforeseen consequences or missed opportunities for improved performance. Furthermore, the design of a base isolation system must fully encompass and consider all load sources. For example, due to the inherent flexibility in base isolation devices, under low-level winds, the structure may be susceptible to small movement that interferes with the performance of vibration-sensitive equipment such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machines. Additionally, the optimal approach to control the maximum motion of the structure during extreme earthquake events has yet to be determined. There exists significant potential to utilize a base isolation system to not only improve the seismic performance of a structure, but to also have excellent vibration performance when subjected to other external vibration sources such as wind, rail and traffic. Failure to account for alternative vibration sources may reduce the utility of the structure and directly impact day-to-day activities. Failure to adequately design the structure for extreme earthquake events could be catastrophic and a life safety concern. The recent inclusion of base isolation in the National Building Code of Canada makes research in in this area relevant and timely for Canada and Canadian industry. The objective of this research is to mitigate seismic risk by promoting base isolation technology in Canada and throughout the world. It is also to guide designers to ensure that a base isolation system does not inadvertently negatively impact the vibration performance of a structure but enhances it.

由于地震灾害，加拿大城市面临着巨大的风险。地震除了可能对建筑物造成灾难性破坏和生命损失外，还在重建和安置流离失所者方面提出了严重的长期挑战。在地震荷载作用下，传统的结构设计方法侧重于生命安全，预测并接受结构将发生损伤。最先进的抗震技术，如基础隔震，旨在降低对结构的抗震需求。这一概念需要安装专门的设备，能够在不造成损害的情况下适应大的挠度。地震引起的变形集中在这个柔性层上，而不是传递到结构中，有效地保护了居住者免受伤害，保护了结构和内容物不受损害。关于基础隔震技术的规定最近已列入加拿大国家建筑法规。基础隔震装置的设计已向复杂的自适应装置发展。这些装置使结构的反应可以根据地震的强度进行调整。虽然自适应设备的潜在好处是有希望的，但这种设备在极端负载水平下的性能还没有被很好地理解。这可能会导致不可预见的后果或错过改善业绩的机会。此外，基础隔震系统的设计必须完全包含并考虑所有负荷源。例如，由于基础隔震装置的固有灵活性，在低空风力下，结构可能容易受到微小运动的影响，从而干扰磁共振成像(MRI)机器等振动敏感设备的性能。此外，在极端地震事件期间控制结构最大运动的最佳方法尚未确定。利用基础隔震系统不仅可以改善结构的抗震性能，而且在风、轨道和交通等外部振源作用下也具有良好的振动性能，这是非常有潜力的。不考虑替代振动源可能会降低结构的实用性，并直接影响日常活动。如果不能针对极端地震事件对结构进行充分的设计，可能会造成灾难性的后果，并危及生命安全。最近在《加拿大国家建筑规范》中纳入了基础隔离，这使得在这一领域的研究对加拿大和加拿大工业来说是相关的和及时的。这项研究的目的是通过在加拿大和全世界推广基础隔震技术来降低地震风险。它也是为了指导设计者确保基础隔震系统不会无意中对结构的振动性能产生负面影响，而是增强结构的振动性能。