The biogeochemical functioning and importance of coastal zone groundwater connectivity

沿海地区地下水连通性的生物地球化学功能和重要性

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06350
• 负责人: Chaillou, gwenaelle
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Rimouski
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=745099
• 关键词: biogeochemical; functioning; importance; coastal; zone

Coastal environments worldwide are subject to increasing pressures from rapid population growth and diversifying resource use. At the same time, these environments experience variations in natural processeswith both terrestrial and marine originsthat act over wide magnitude and frequency scales. Because of the strong interactions between the coastal aquifer and the ocean, changes in terrestrial inputs have significant local- and regional-scale impacts on coastal biogeochemical cycles. The goal of my research program is to develop a theoretical framework to understand the biogeochemical functioning and importance of coastal zone groundwater connectivity. My program is based on a site-specific approach, but I expect that this quantitative approach will allow us to advance and refine the theoretical framework and thus improve our predictions on the response of coastal zone groundwater connectivity to global changes and the resulting effects on the oceanic system and human society over climate-relevant timescales. My research program is framed within the landocean continuum concept, with specific short-term objectives related to the mineralization and flux estimation of carbon derived from beach groundwater (objective 1), to the past's depositional imprint on present biogeochemical processes (objective 2), and to the calibration of potential biogeochemical archives to reconstruct past variations of submarine discharge (objective 3). This new program will lead to a unique scientific expertise in coastal sciences by combining hydrogeological, geochemical, and microbiological approaches and concepts. The research activities will involve the training of two PhD and two MSc students as well as the support of five undergraduate summer positions. It will include cutting-edge issues, technologies, skills, and international collaborations that will be transferred to HQP as part of their training. This research will contribute to the sustainable planning and management of coastal resources by 1) developing fundamental knowledge on the functioning of coastal zone groundwater connectivity; 2) developing new tools to establish long baseline conditions for coastal monitoring; 3) anticipating future impacts of sea-level rise on coastal ecosystems; (4) training a new generation of highly qualified personnel with solid expertise in environmental chemistry and the ability to use state-of-the-art analytical tools; (5) contributing to the Ocean Protection Plan of the Government of Canada; and (6) transferring empirical and theoretical knowledge to local, regional, and provincial decision-makers.

世界各地的沿海环境受到人口快速增长和资源利用多样化的压力。与此同时，这些环境在陆地和海洋起源的自然过程中经历了变化，这些变化在广泛的幅度和频率尺度上起作用。由于沿海含水层与海洋之间存在强烈的相互作用，陆地输入的变化对沿海生物地球化学循环具有显著的局域和区域影响。我的研究计划的目标是制定一个理论框架，以了解生物地球化学功能和沿海地区地下水连通性的重要性。我的计划是基于特定地点的方法，但我希望这种定量方法将使我们能够推进和完善理论框架，从而改进我们对沿海地区地下水连通性对全球变化的响应的预测，以及在气候相关的时间尺度上对海洋系统和人类社会的影响。我的研究计划是在陆海连续统概念框架内进行的，具体的短期目标与来自海滩地下水的碳的矿化和通量估算有关（目标1），过去对当前生物地球化学过程的沉积印记（目标2），以及校准潜在的生物地球化学档案以重建过去海底排放的变化（目标3）。这个新项目将结合水文地质学、地球化学和微生物学的方法和概念，形成独特的海岸科学专业知识。研究活动将包括培训两名博士和两名硕士学生，以及五个本科生暑期职位的支持。它将包括前沿问题、技术、技能和国际合作，这些将作为培训的一部分转移到HQP。本研究将有助于海岸带资源的可持续规划和管理：1)发展海岸带地下水连通性功能的基础知识；2)开发新工具，为海岸监测建立长期基线条件；3)预测未来海平面上升对沿海生态系统的影响；（四）培养具有扎实环境化学专业知识和使用先进分析工具能力的新一代高素质人才；(5)对加拿大政府海洋保护计划作出贡献；(6)将经验和理论知识传递给地方、区域和省级决策者。