Freshwater oil spill remediation study at the IISD-experimental lakes area: (The FOReSt Project)

IISD 实验湖区淡水溢油修复研究：（FOReSt 项目）

• 批准号: 532225-2018
• 负责人: Tomy, GreggGT
• 金额: $ 3.96万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=747700
• 关键词: Freshwater; oil; spill; remediation; study

Environmental impacts of oil spills are a major concern for the Canadian public. Regulators and the scientificcommunity are also uncertain which methods are best to employ when cleaning up oil spills in differentenvironments. Improving effectiveness of clean-up procedures under realistic field situations is required toaddress these significant knowledge gaps. The collaborative research being proposed here will be conducted byresearchers from the Universities of Manitoba, Calgary, McGill, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifiqueand the International Institute for Sustainable Development-Experimental Lakes Area (IISD-ELA). It willconsist of a large multi-phased project to examine the fate and behaviour of spilled oil, and to compare spillclean-up methods in a freshwater environment. The project includes participation from industry, government,First Nations and community groups, and will quantify impacts (i.e., ecological, social and economic valuefrom lost ecosystem services) of oil spilled into freshwater environments. Examining effectiveness, andimpacts, of current oil spill clean-up methods in freshwater systems is a key component of the project. Manycurrent strategies for removing spilled oil focus on mechanical removal; however, this can be ecologicallydamaging and economically costly. The goal of the proposed project is to determine relative effectiveness ofphysical, chemical and biological oil spill clean-up methods in different shoreline environments. Small-scalemodel oil spills will be used to examine the ability of different cleanup methods to remove residual oil andmaintain ecosystem function in enclosed regions of a natural boreal lake. The work to be conducted in Year 1will serve as a pilot experiment which aims to determine the oil product to be tested in the full-scale field studyin Year 2. Ecological recovery of the affected areas, together with social and economic impacts ofincorporating different remediation approaches for responding to spills will be quantified through monitoringthe contained environments in Year 3 and 4. Optimizing remediation strategies applied to oil spills will benefitCanadians by significantly improving response efficiencies and restoring ecosystem services more quickly.

石油泄漏对环境的影响是加拿大公众关注的主要问题。监管机构和科学界也不确定在不同环境中清理石油泄漏时采用哪种方法最好。需要在实际的实地情况下提高清理程序的有效性，以解决这些重大的知识差距。这里提出的合作研究将由马尼托巴大学、卡尔加里大学、麦吉尔大学、国家科学研究所和国际可持续发展研究所-实验湖区（IISD-ELA）的研究人员进行。它将包括一个大型的多阶段项目，以检查泄漏石油的命运和行为，并比较淡水环境中的泄漏清理方法。该项目包括工业界、政府、原住民和社区团体的参与，并将量化石油泄漏到淡水环境的影响（即生态系统服务损失带来的生态、社会和经济价值）。该项目的一个关键组成部分是审查目前淡水系统中溢油清理方法的有效性和影响。目前许多清除溢油的策略都集中在机械清除上；然而，这可能会对生态造成破坏，并在经济上代价高昂。拟议项目的目标是确定在不同的海岸线环境中，物理、化学和生物清理溢油方法的相对有效性。小规模的溢油模型将用于检验不同的清理方法在自然北方湖泊封闭区域清除残留油和维持生态系统功能的能力。在第一年进行的工作将作为一个试点实验，旨在确定在第二年的全面实地研究中测试的石油产品。在第3年级和第4年级，我们将通过监测受污染地区的环境，量化受影响地区的生态恢复情况，以及采用不同的补救措施应对溢漏所产生的社会和经济影响。优化石油泄漏的补救策略将大大提高响应效率，更快地恢复生态系统服务，从而使加拿大人受益。