Ultra-Fast Chargers for Electric Vehicles

目前，世界各国政府为减少温室气体排放而采取的激励措施刺激了电动汽车的发展，尤其是城市电动汽车的发展。预计到2040年，这类车辆的数量将呈指数级增长，达到3000万辆。然而，除非开发出价格合理、高效和充足的电池充电技术，否则电动汽车将无法得到充分的采用、部署和利用。大规模部署纯电动汽车的主要挑战之一是购物区和工作场所缺乏充电站。目前，在大多数城市地区，主要的选择是使用车载充电器为电动汽车电池充电，这可能需要长达20个小时才能完成。即使是快速充电站也需要半小时的充电时间，而且充电站数量少且位置稀疏。在这两种情况下，传统技术的功率转换效率都很低，需要风扇来管理散热，而散热往往会发生故障，而且设计上过于笨重，需要起重机和其他重型设备来安装。拟议中的NSERC联盟使命项目承诺为电动汽车开发一种新颖的电池充电器架构，这将对消费者具有吸引力，不仅可以提高充电速度和减少电力消耗，还可以减少不必要的能量损失，并在物理上建立紧凑型充电站，以满足全球需求。这项研究将为超快速充电站提供一种高效的动力架构，可以在大约为一辆传统汽车加满汽油的时间内为电动汽车充电。通过储能电池超快速充电站的原型开发，该项目将帮助电动汽车成为主流交通选择。

Current worldwide government incentives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have spurred electric vehicle (EV) development, particularly for urban use. The number of such vehicles is expected to grow exponentially to 30 million by 2040. However, unless affordable, efficient and sufficient battery charging technologies are developed, EVs will not be adopted, deployed and utilized to full advantage. One of the major challenges in mass deployment of battery electric cars is the lack of charging stations in shopping areas and workplaces. At present, in most urban areas, the main option is to charge EV batteries using the on-board charger, which can take up to twenty hours to complete. Even fast charging stations require a half hour for recharging, and are few and sparsely situated. In either case, the conventional technology has low power conversion efficiency, requiring fans to manage heat dispersal which often break down, and are so bulky in design that they require cranes and other heavy duty equipment to install. The proposed NSERC Alliance Mission project promises to develop a novel battery charger architecture for EVs that will be attractive to consumers, not only in increasing speed of recharging and reducing the amount spent on electricity, but also in decreasing unnecessary energy losses and physically building compact charging stations to meet a global demand. The research will result in a highly efficient power architecture for ultra-fast charging stations that can charge EVs in about the time it takes to fill a conventional car with gas. Through prototype development for ultra-fast charging stations for energy storage batteries, this Project will help EVs become a mainstream transportation option.