Tribocharging Mechanism and its Application in Bioprocess Separation and On-line Process Monitoring

摩擦起电机制及其在生物过程分离和在线过程监测中的应用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-07246
• 负责人: Rajabzadeh, AminReza
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=753123
• 关键词: Tribocharging; Mechanism; its; Application; Bioprocess

There are numerous drivers in the context of global challenges paramount of which is increasing world issues concerning food security and malnutrition. Layered on these challenges is the potential impact of climate change which may have a negative impact on agriculture affecting crops, livestock production, and fisheries. Rapid world population growth and the inefficiency of meat and dairy production have led to the increasing demand for plant protein, high protein food products, and better processing methods aimed at retaining their nutritional value. Plant protein is an environmentally conservative protein source that has economic advantages over more expensive meat and dairy based proteins. The relatively well-balanced amino acid profile of plant proteins makes them attractive potential sources for human nutrition. Plant protein is added to a broad range of food and beverage products to enhance their nutritional value and functional properties such as foaming capacity and stability, emulsifying activity, and gelling ability. Starch is used as a thickening and gelling agent in food products and is an additive to non-food products, such as biodegradable detergents, cosmetic and healthcare products, biomedical polymers and nanocomposites mostly due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. Plant-derived or natural fibers have also attracted a great deal of attention particularly its application in fiber reinforced polymer composites due to their low density and high strength, elastic modulus, and environmental advantages compared to synthetic fibers. Fractionation of protein crops into their major components (protein, starch, and fiber), still relies on conventional technologies, such as aqueous extraction under alkaline or acidic conditions, followed by isoelectric precipitation, neutralization, and drying. Such processing conditions can negatively affect the native state of plant macromolecules, reducing the quality and functionality of the ingredients. Furthermore, these aqueous extraction methods generate large volumes of whey-like effluents with relatively high quantities of proteinaceous material, which can result in water quality issues. The overall objective of this research is to develop alternative separation methods that preserve the native state of plant macromolecules, and at the same time are environmentally clean and economically feasible. The focus of the proposed research is to apply the principles of triboelectrification to fractionate protein crops, energy crops, and agro-based resources into their constituent fractions.

在全球挑战的背景下，有许多驱动因素，其中最重要的是日益严重的粮食安全和营养不良问题。在这些挑战的基础上，还有气候变化的潜在影响，可能对农业产生负面影响，影响作物、畜牧业生产和渔业。世界人口的快速增长以及肉类和乳制品生产的低效率导致对植物蛋白、高蛋白食品以及旨在保持其营养价值的更好加工方法的需求不断增加。植物蛋白是一种环保的蛋白质来源，与更昂贵的肉类和乳制品蛋白质相比具有经济优势。植物蛋白质相对平衡的氨基酸谱使它们成为人类营养的有吸引力的潜在来源。植物蛋白被添加到广泛的食品和饮料产品中，以提高其营养价值和功能特性，如起泡能力和稳定性，乳化活性和凝胶能力。淀粉在食品中用作增稠剂和胶凝剂，并且主要由于其生物相容性和生物降解性而作为非食品产品的添加剂，例如可生物降解的洗涤剂、化妆品和保健产品、生物医学聚合物和纳米复合材料。与合成纤维相比，植物来源或天然纤维也吸引了大量关注，特别是其在纤维增强聚合物复合材料中的应用，这是由于其低密度和高强度、弹性模量以及环境优势。将蛋白质作物分级成其主要组分（蛋白质、淀粉和纤维）仍然依赖于常规技术，例如在碱性或酸性条件下的水提取，随后进行等电沉淀、中和和干燥。这样的加工条件会负面影响植物大分子的天然状态，降低成分的质量和功能性。此外，这些水性提取方法产生大量具有相对高量的蛋白质材料的乳清样流出物，这可能导致水质问题。 本研究的总体目标是开发替代分离方法，保留植物大分子的天然状态，同时环境清洁，经济可行。拟议研究的重点是将摩擦起电原理应用于蛋白质作物、能源作物和农业资源的组成部分。