Characterization by laser diagnostics of the sooting propensity of biomass-derived fuels intended to be used as environmentally-friendly substitutes to fossil fuels

通过激光诊断表征旨在用作化石燃料的环保替代品的生物质衍生燃料的烟灰倾向

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05191
• 负责人: Lemaire, Romain
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: École de technologie supérieure
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=754469
• 关键词: Characterization; laser; diagnostics; sooting; propensity

This program aims at improving the understanding of the sooting behavior of different biomass-derived fuels to support the development of cleaner energy carriers. Actually, soot is one of the major pollutants generated in combustion processes and one of the main contributors to anthropogenic aerosols. To limit its production with the view to meet actual and future regulations, source reduction remains a key option particularly considered by engine manufacturers. A thorough understanding of the physicochemical mechanisms involved in the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and soot is still required however (especially in the case of biofuels) to improve the predictive character of the computational codes used to design combustion devices. The purpose of the present program is therefore to provide insightful findings regarding the ability of different molecules to act as soot suppressors with the view to identify the must-have fuel properties necessary for the mid- to long-term commercialization of environmentally-friendly substitutes to petroleum-derived fuels. To do so, the present proposal which associates laboratory scale experiments and engine tests is composed of 3 main objectives summarized as follows:1) Developing predictive sooting propensity indicators incorporating all the fuel molecular structural effects known to influence soot production. To do so, the Fuel Equivalent Sooting Index (FESI) of various biofuels (including furan isomers and some components of bio-oils derived from wood pyrolysis) will be measured. Obtained results will then be processed by means of a structural group additivity approach to propose an original set of predictive sooting propensity group contribution factors.2) Developing Particulate Matter (PM) indexes suitable to predict engine particulate emissions. Based on measurements performed at the exhaust of direct injection Diesel and spark ignition engines, PM index formulations will be proposed integrating FESI values to represent the fuel molecular structure and fuel properties (including volatility factors) playing a role in the fuel/oxidizer mixture formation.3) Developing adapted metrological tools necessary to achieve the above-mentioned objectives. Such a transverse task includes 1/ the development of a time resolved laser-induced incandescence/fluorescence (LII/LIF) technique for the simultaneous detection of soot and PAHs and 2/ contributions in the modeling of LII signals to infer information on soot physical properties through the implementation of advanced optimization algorithms.At the end of this program, innovative measurement and modeling tools will be proposed to explore some of the major issues needing to be addressed in order to develop cleaner fuels and combustion technologies that will benefit the Canadian energy production, aerospace and automotive industries among others.

该项目旨在提高对不同生物质衍生燃料的烟雾行为的理解，以支持更清洁能源载体的发展。实际上，煤烟是燃烧过程中产生的主要污染物之一，也是人为气溶胶的主要来源之一。为了限制其生产，以满足实际和未来的法规，减少污染源仍然是发动机制造商特别考虑的一个关键选择。然而，为了提高用于设计燃烧装置的计算代码的预测特性，仍然需要对多环芳烃（PAHs）和煤烟形成的物理化学机制进行彻底的了解（特别是在生物燃料的情况下）。因此，本项目的目的是提供关于不同分子作为烟灰抑制剂的能力的有见地的发现，以确定中长期商业化环境友好型石油衍生燃料替代品所必需的燃料特性。为此，本建议将实验室规模的实验和发动机测试联系起来，由3个主要目标组成，总结如下：1)开发包含已知影响烟灰产生的所有燃料分子结构效应的预测性煤烟倾向指标。为此，将测量各种生物燃料（包括呋喃异构体和从木材热解中提取的生物油的一些成分）的燃料等效烟尘指数（FESI）。得到的结果将被处理，然后通过结构组可加性方法提出一套原始的预测烟尘倾向组贡献因素。2)开发适合预测发动机颗粒物排放的颗粒物（PM）指标。基于对直喷柴油机和火花点火发动机排气的测量，将提出综合FESI值的PM指数公式，以表示燃料分子结构和燃料特性（包括挥发性因素）在燃料/氧化剂混合物形成过程中的作用。3)开发适应的计量工具以实现上述目标。这样的横向任务包括：1/开发时间分辨激光诱导白炽/荧光（LII/LIF）技术，用于同时检测烟灰和多环芳烃；2/在LII信号建模中做出贡献，通过实施先进的优化算法来推断烟灰的物理性质信息。在该计划结束时，将提出创新的测量和建模工具，以探索需要解决的一些主要问题，以便开发更清洁的燃料和燃烧技术，这将有利于加拿大的能源生产，航空航天和汽车工业等。