Tools for the prediction of turbulent reacting flows

最近提出了一种新的湍流燃烧模型，该模型有望模拟各种不同的燃烧问题，并似乎能够预测燃气轮机、内燃机、工业炉膛甚至火箭的污染物排放和性能。该模型的潜力很大，但它尚未与实验测量进行适当的验证，因此拟议工作的一个重要方面是在各种不同的湍流燃烧实验测量范围内提供对该模型的广泛验证，包括实验室规模的燃烧器和更多面向工业的燃烧器。这些验证模拟将由MASC学生进行。与此同时，在我们如何求解模型方程和探索如何规避这些需要探索的技术方面，出现了几个有趣的挑战。此外，还有一些问题是，该模型如何用于预测化学速度较慢的物种，如氮氧化物(NOx)和颗粒物(PM)，这些都需要解决。这些更基本的问题将是博士生的工作。博士生工作的后一个方面对于预测柴油发动机(包括北极近海巡逻船上的发动机)的污染物排放尤为重要，人们可能会考虑使用替代燃料或添加某种后处理反应堆。NOx和PM在柴油机和后处理反应器内的形成和破坏都代表着湍流反应流动过程，所提出的模型是一个非常有希望的候选模型，当与用于验证的实验测量相结合时，将能够设计改进的发动机几何结构和/或改进的后处理反应器设计。因此，这项提议与最近关于在北极实现船舶零排放目标的DND/NSERC发现赠款补充计划有关。

A new model for turbulent combustion has recently been proposed that holds the promise of being able to simulate a very wide variety of different combustion problems and which appears to be capable of predicting pollutant emissions and performance of gas turbines, internal combustion engines, industrial furnaces and even rockets. The potential for the model is high, but it has not yet been properly validated against experimental measurements, so one important aspect of the proposed work is to provide a broad validation of the model over a diverse range of different experimental measurements of turbulent combustion, including both lab-scale burners and more industrial-oriented burners. These validation simulations will be undertaken by MASc students. At the same time, several interesting challenges have appeared in how we solve the model equations and techniques for exploring how to circumvent these need to be explored. Also, there are questions about how the model could be used to predict species with slow chemistry, such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM), which need to be addressed. These more fundamental questions will be the work of a PhD student.The latter aspect of the PhD student's work is particularly important for predicting pollutant emissions from diesel engines (including those in the Arctic Offshore Patrol Vessel), where one might contemplate using an alternate fuel or adding some kind of after-treatment reactor. Both the formation and destruction of NOx and PM inside the diesel engine and the after-treatment reactor represent turbulent reacting flow processes for which the proposed model is a highly promising candidate, which, when coupled with experimental measurements for validation, would enable the design of improved engine geometries and/or improved after-treatment reactor design. As such, this proposal is related to the recent call for the DND/NSERC Discovery Grant Supplement, with respect to the goal to attain zero ship emissions in the Arctic.