Canadian Participation in the Electron-Ion Collider

电子-离子对撞机（EIC）是美国能源部将于本十年内在纽约长岛建造的大型新型对撞机设施。在EIC中，极化电子将与极化质子、极化光离子和重核发生碰撞，其强度远远超过目前的水平。该设施将回答对我们理解原子至关重要的基本问题，也是当今核物理学议程不可或缺的一部分。-核子的质量是如何产生的？-核子的自旋是如何产生的？-稠密胶子系统的涌现特性是什么？-外来强子的组成是什么？EIC项目在2019-2020年实现了两个里程碑，第一个关键决策（CD-0）确定了任务需求，以及布鲁克海文国家实验室的选址。该项目的目标是在2023年底前完成接下来的三个关键决策，并在2030年开始运营。EIC用户组正在协调国际上对两个对撞机相互作用区域进行仪器检测的努力。加拿大亚原子物理学家密集参与了这个新设施的规划，并特许了一个多机构EIC加拿大合作组织来协调参与。EIC加拿大合作的成员参与了EIC用户组的指导委员会和其他工作组。本提案要求为EIC加拿大合作项目的研究人员和HQP提供为期两年的支持。由于EIC项目的快速发展，我们要求以两年为单位提供支持，以便经常重新评估最佳支持水平。在这个为期两年的项目期间，我们将资助里贾纳大学的两名硕士学生，马尼托巴大学的两名硕士学生，以及埃里森山大学的四名本科研究生。这些学生将：-确定电生产中的K+形状因子的测量是否将成为强子中突发质量产生的可行探针，-重新研究电弱混合角测量的早期研究，更新预期探测器的性能参数，-开发康普顿偏振法中电子检测的概念设计，-构建事件生成器，通过检查通道灵敏度来研究XYZ态的光生产。-促进量热法的模拟和概念发展。四名硕士和四名本科生将不会孤立工作；他们将通过定期的虚拟和面对面的EIC加拿大会议保持联系。作为学校行为准则的一部分，学生将代表专门的初级研究委员会进行合作。通过让学生参与EIC的活动，我们将为他们未来在研究内外的职业生涯做好准备。特别是，硕士学生将为EIC的博士职位做好充分准备，这一职位计划在未来几年内增加。

The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a major new collider facility to be built on Long Island, NY, by the US Department of Energy in this decade. At the EIC, polarized electrons will collide with polarized protons, polarized light ions, and heavy nuclei at intensities far beyond what is currently available. The facility will answer fundamental questions central to our understanding of atoms, and integral to the agenda of nuclear physics today. - How does the mass of the nucleon arise? - How does the spin of the nucleon arise? - What are the emergent properties of dense systems of gluons? - What is the composition of exotic hadrons? The EIC project achieved two milestones in 2019-2020, with the first critical decision (CD-0) establishing mission need, and with the site selection of Brookhaven National Lab. The project aims to complete the next three critical decisions by the end of 2023, and to start operations by 2030. The EIC Users Group is coordinating the international efforts to instrument the two collider interaction regions. Canadian subatomic physicists have participated intensively in the planning of this new facility and have chartered a multi-institutional EIC Canada Collaboration to coordinate participation. Members of the EIC Canada Collaboration are involved in the Steering Committee and in other working groups of the EIC Users Group. This proposal requests support for investigators and HQP in the EIC Canada Collaboration for a period of two years. Due the rapid pace at which the EIC project is ramping up, we are requesting support in two years increments so as to allow for frequent re-evaluation of the optimal level of support. In this two year project period we will support two M.Sc. students at the University of Regina, two M.Sc. students at the University of Manitoba, and four undergraduate research students at Mount Allison University. These students will: - determine whether measurements of the K+ form factor in electroproduction will be a feasible probe of emergent mass generation in hadrons, - revisit earlier studies of electroweak mixing angle measurements with updated performance parameters for the anticipated detectors, - develop a conceptual design for electron detection in Compton polarimetry, - build event generators to study photoproduction of XYZ states by examining channel sensitivity, - contribute to simulations and the conceptual development of calorimetry. The four M.Sc. and four undergraduate research students will not work in isolation; they will be in contact through regular virtual and in-person EIC Canada meetings. The students will be represented in the collaboration in a dedicated junior research committee established as part of our Code of Conduct. By engaging students in the activities of the EIC, we will prepare them for future careers inside and outside research. In particular, the M.Sc. students will be well prepared for Ph.D. positions on EIC, which are scheduled to ramp up in the next few years.