Holistic vitamin strategy to improve the robustness of pigs

联合国可持续发展目标之一（“21世纪蛋白质”）提到提供普遍可获得、负担得起、安全和可持续的蛋白质。这是一个跨越消费、环境、粮食安全、卫生和贸易问题等系统性挑战的紧迫问题。可持续发展的支柱之一是减少抗生素耐药性。猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus，PRRS）是世界上最重要的疾病之一。它是养猪业最昂贵的疾病之一，在美国每年估计为6.64亿美元，在最极端的情况下，高致病性菌株的死亡率高达100%。值得注意的是，PRRSV会引起免疫系统的抑制，从而有利于其他病毒以及细菌和寄生虫的共感染，其中包括流感病毒、猪支原体、猪圆环病毒、断奶后E.大肠杆菌、细菌性败血症（Strep suis，H. parasuis）。为了建立一个接近实地观察的疾病模型，魁北克猪研究中心（CDPQ）与PigGen Canada合作，于2015年开发了一个断奶至完成自然疾病挑战模型（NDCM）。他们的目标是模拟在猪生产的商业水平上由许多常见病原体引起的疾病压力，特别是PRRS。该模式在全球范围内是独一无二的，代表了设计策略的真实的杠杆作用，以减少发病率和抗生素的使用，同时提高加拿大生猪生产的福利、整体竞争力和可持续性。因此，目的是使用NDCM来测试整体维生素策略。将在生长性能、死亡率、发病率、喂养和饮水行为、PRRS发病率、感染时间和急性程度、维生素和矿物质状态、免疫应答和骨矿化方面测试该策略的影响。

One of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals ("21st-century protein") refers to the provision of universally accessible, affordable, safe and sustainable protein. This is a pressing issue that cuts across systemic challenges, such as consumption, the environment, food security, health, and trade issues. One of the pillars of sustainability is the reduction of antibiotic resistance. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRS) is one if the most important disease in the word. It is one of the costliest diseases for the swine industry which has been estimated at 664 million US$ annually in United States, with mortality rates of up to 100% in the most extreme cases of emergent highly pathogenic strains. It is worthy to note that PRRSV will induce depression of the immune system that favor co-infections by other viruses as well as bacteria and parasites, among those, influenza, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, porcine circovirus, post-weaning E. coli, and bacterial septicemias (Strep suis, H. parasuis). With the aim of having a disease model close to what is observed in the field, the Centre de Développement du Porc du Québec (CDPQ) in collaboration with PigGen Canada has developed a wean-to-finish Natural Disease Challenge Model (NDCM) in 2015. Their objective was to mimic the disease pressure caused by many common pathogens at the commercial level of pig production especially PRRS. This model is unique worldwide and represents a real leverage to design strategies to reduce morbidity and the use of antibiotic while improving welfare and overall competitiveness and sustainability of Canadian pig production. Thus, the objective is to use the NDCM to test a holistic vitamins strategy. The impact of the strategy will be tested in terms of growth performance, mortality, morbidity, feeding and watering behaviors, PRRS incidence, infection timing and acuity, vitamin and mineral status, immune response, and bone mineralization.