质子瞬态效应导致星敏感器伪星点产生机理及识别方法研究

星敏感器如今已成为卫星高精度姿态控制系统中不可缺少的导航信息测量装置，然而卫星经过南大西洋异常区时，由于成像器件质子瞬态效应产生的部分亮斑被误认作星点导致星敏感器姿态测量异常甚至致盲。由于对伪星点产生机理和伪星点导致星敏感器姿态测量异常的作用机制缺乏深入认识，因此无法有效识别伪星点。本项目以基于CMOS APS的星敏感器作为研究对象，通过地面试验、粒子输运仿真和器件工艺仿真获得不同入射条件、不同微观物理过程与不同特征参数瞬态亮斑的对应关系，揭示伪星点产生机理。建立伪星点与真星点特征参数表征与提取方法，获得二者成像特征规律，阐明伪星点对星敏感器姿态测量影响机制，并将二者成像特征规律作为先验知识加入到计算机机器学习中，形成融合先验知识的伪星点识别方法。项目的实施可有效提高SAA区星敏感器识别星图成功率，为保障卫星在轨安全可靠运行提供强有力的技术支撑。

Nowadays, the star sensor has become an indispensable navigation information measurement device in the high-precision satellite attitude control system. However, when the satellite passes through the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) region, some bright spots induced by proton transient effect of the imaging device are mistaken as stars, which leads to the abnormal attitude measurement and blindness of the star sensor. Due to the lack of deep understanding on pseudo-star points generation mechanism and the mechanism of pseudo-star points causing abnormal attitude measurement of star sensor, it is hard to effectively identify pseudo-star points. In this project, star sensor based on CMOS APS is taken as the research object. Through ground tests, particle transport simulation and device process simulation, the corresponding relations of transient bright spots with different incident conditions, different microscopic physical processes and different characteristic parameters are obtained. The generation mechanism of pseudo-star points is revealed. The extraction methods of characteristic parameters for pseudo-stars and true stars are established.The image characteristics of pseudo-stars and true stars elucidate influence mechanism of pseudo-stars on the attitude measurement of star sensor. The image characteristics of pseudo-stars and true star can be added to computer machine learning as prior knowledge, so as to form a pseudo-star recognition method. The implementation of the project can effectively improve the success rate of star map recognition by the star sensor in SAA area, and provide strong technical support for the reliability of the satellite in orbit.