脊髓损伤的治疗一直是世界性难题，课题组之前的研究显示胶质瘢痕的形成极大程度阻碍了损伤轴突的再生和功能恢复，同时阻碍了大分子药物在损伤局部的聚集。组织工程支架植入可作为损伤部位轴突再生的支持基质, 同时减少局部胶质瘢痕侵入, 促进和导向轴突再生并穿越移，课题组之前的研究中成功构建了跨血脊髓屏障纳米载体。本研究将纳米载药技术结合异体脱细胞脊髓移植治疗脊髓损伤，利用环孢素A的免疫抑制作用及神经保护作用，解决异体脊髓支架免疫原性的问题。实验采用冻融+化学萃取法制备异体脊髓支架，通过与细胞共培养，溶血试验评价其细胞毒性与血液相容性。然后将该支架移植到到大鼠脊髓损伤区并联合应用环孢素A纳米阳离子脂质体进行局部靶向给药，用BBB评分，脚印分析观察大鼠行为功能恢复，HE和GFAP染色观察胶质瘢痕变化，GAP-43染色、BDA神经示踪，电镜观察等方法观察损伤轴突再生情况，进而为临床治疗脊髓损伤提供新思路。

The treatment of spinal cord injury has always been a worldwide problem. According to the research, the formation of glial scar has greatly hindered the regeneration and functional recovery of damaged axons. Therefore, how to reduce the influence of glial scars after spinal cord injury has become a focus of present research. Tissue engineering scaffold implanted could act as the supporting material for the growth of seed cells in the damaged area and at the same time block or reduce the local intrusion of glial scars to promote and guide axon regeneration and penetration. These years, acellular spinal cord scaffold has become the research focus, and this study combined nano-drug-carrying technology with acellular spinal cord transplanting to treat spinal cord injury, in order to solve the problem of high immunogenicity. The freeze thawing and chemical extraction were combined to prepare the acellular spinal cord scaffold, and co-culture of leaching liquid and cells, hemolysis tests and clotting time measuring were used to evaluate its cell toxicity and blood compatibility. The acellular spinal cord was then transplanted to the spinal cord injury area of the rat with CSA nano-cationic liposomes. BBB rating and footprint analysis were given to observe the behavior functional recovery of the rats, HE and GFAP staining were used to observe the change of the glial scars and GAP-43 staining, BDA nerve tracing, nerve electrophysiological examination and electron microscopy observation were used to observe the regeneration of damaged axons to provide new ideas for clinical treatment of spinal cord injury and finally we hope our research will provide a new idea for the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury in the future..