基于“溶胀-纳米填充”策略的阻醇质子交换膜优化研究

针对直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)的燃料渗透问题，本课题提出了采用“溶胀-纳米填充”改性策略在质子交换膜(PEM)中原位无损重筑高效阻醇质子传输通道，避免传统共混及表面修饰改性策略对PEM关键性能的负面影响。首先，设计尺寸形貌可控的纳米功能大分子作为填充物，对商业Nafion膜进行“溶胀-纳米填充”改性，并结合色谱、电化学和形貌表征技术对材料和器件性能进行测试，实现对“溶胀-纳米填充”改性Nafion膜的性能优化。进而总结得出制备过程与阻醇质子传输通道微观结构及“溶胀-纳米填充”改性膜性能的关系，并将“溶胀-纳米填充”策略推广，使用功能无机纳米材料作为填充物并采用廉价阻醇PEM替代Nafion膜，在重筑高效阻醇质子传输通道的同时解决廉价PEM所固有的机械性能缺陷。本课题最终将实现阻醇PEM综合性能及其在DMFC中应用性的全面改善，有效提升DMFC的能量密度，促进DMFC技术的实用化进程。

A novel in-situ nano-scale swelling-filling strategy is proposed to modify proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) application by in-situ ruinlessly reconstructing the highly efficient methanol-permeation resistant proton conductive channels. This swelling-filling strategy can avoid the negative effects on key properties of PEM of the traditional PEM modification strategies. First of all, commercial Nafion membrane would be modified through the swelling-filling strategy with morphology controllable nano-sized functional macromolecules as modifiers for performance optimization of the modifized Nafion membrane. Relationships among the preparation details, the morphology structure of the methanol-permeation resistant proton conductive channels and the overall PEM performance will be proposed with the help of chromatography technology, electrochemical measurements and morphology characterizations. With the fabrication-structure-performance relationship, modifiers like functional inorganic nano-materials and low-cost methanol-permeation resistant PEMs would be subsequently invited for the nano-scale swelling-filling treating in order to enforce the mechanical strength of the low-cost methanol-permeation resistant PEMs. This project will provide a facile swelling-filling strategy treatment on proton exchange membrane modification, which can significantly boost the overall performance of DMFC and promote the practical application of DMFC technology.