猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒 (Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, PRRSV) 严重危害全世界生猪产业。国内外对PRRSV入侵宿主细胞后的动态运输和基因组释放机制研究得还不充分。本申请项目首先利用Rab基因shRNA文库和过表达显性负突变体的方法，鉴定Rab蛋白在PRRSV动态运输过程中的功能；其次利用微管抑制剂和RNA干扰微管相关基因的方法，揭示微管在PRRSV内吞进入宿主细胞后的作用；最后利用荧光原位杂交和抑制剂处理细胞的方法，阐明PRRSV基因组在低pH细胞器中释放的分子机制。这些围绕PRRSV入侵进入宿主细胞后动态运输机制的研究，不仅能揭示细胞骨架和内膜系统在PRRSV生活周期中的功能，还为深入了解病毒与宿主细胞动态相互作用及PRRSV防控提供理论依据。

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes considerable economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Recent research on the dynamic transport and genome release of PRRSV after invasion is inadequate. In this project, we will first use Rab shRNA library and overexpression of dominant negative forms to identify the role of Rab in the dynamic transport of PRRSV after invasion. Next, we will validate the function of microtubule in the dynamic transport of PRRSV after invasion by functional inhibition of microtubule with inhibitors or RNA interfering of microtubule related genes. Last, we will elucidate the mechanism of PRRSV genome release in low pH organelles by fluorescent in situ hybridization and inhibitors treatment. Our research can not only clarify the functional relations among cytoskeleton, intracellular membrane system and PRRSV life cycle, but also provide the theoretical basis for understanding the interaction between virus and host cells, and scientific guidances for PRRSV prevention.