小江断裂带北段地震活动与构造运动的观测与研究

探究地震过程,减轻自然灾害,是地震学发展的重要方向。小江断裂带是川滇菱形块体的东边界，是我国强震多发地之一；尤其是其北段，被认为是未来发生7级以上地震可能性极高的地段。因此，拟在小江断裂带北段运行24套微震仪、18套强震仪和12套连续GPS仪，以捕捉可能的"地动"信号；拟发展针对小台网的非线性绝对定位方法，以准确把握地震活动的时空特征；拟发展针对小震甚至微震的震源机制非线性反演方法，以准确了解地震活动的性质；拟综合利用地震活动、震源机制以及GPS直接观测信息，定量分析观测区可能发生的断层粘滑或蠕滑以及应力应变特征，构建较详细的地震活动、断层运动以及应力应变特征图像；若在观测期间发生破获性地震，拟利用远场和近场资料联合反演其破裂过程，并探讨其孕育、发生和愈合过程。

Insight into earthquake process and deduction of natural disaster is an important direction of seismological devlopment. Xiao-Jiang fault belt locates along eastern boundary of the Chuan-Dian rhombic block, which is one of the places where strong earthquakes often take place. Especially, its northern segment has been regarded as one where an earthquake with magnitude more than 7 will take place very probably in the near future. Therefore, 24 broadband instruments, 18 strong-motion instruments and 12 recording-continuous GPSs will be kept in operation there in order to capture possible signals coming from underground; a new method for absolute location of earthquakes will be developed in order to clearly and accurately know tempo-spacial characteristics of the seismicity; a non-linear inversion method for determing focal mechanisms of the events as small as possible will be developed in order to understand mechanism of the earthquakes; and creep or stick-slip which will probably occurre and stress-stain characteristics in the observation area will be quantitatively anlayzed with combined information on seismicity, focal mechanisms and the recording-continuous GPSs in order to build a characterized image of the seismicity, faulting and stress-strain change. Finally, the rupure process would be imaged by jointly inversting far-field and near-field data, and the whole process of nucleation, occurrence and healing will be analyzed and discussed if there occured a destructive earthquake at the observation area.