在室外不可移动砂岩文物（OISH）表面构筑耐久无色透明的超疏水自清洁保护层是实现对OISH持久高效防水的重要途径。此种保护层构筑的难点是如何通过简单适用的方法使其表面同时具有耐久的低表面能物质和满足耐磨、透明和超疏水自清洁性质要求的微观结构。鉴于此，本项目提出首先采用基于静电作用的胶束模板法，可控制备核层富集SiO2，壳层富集含氟组分的含氟嵌段共聚物/ SiO2杂化纳米粒子；再将其采用一步法喷涂成膜，利用含氟组分的表面富集行为构建耐久性低表面能表面，同时重点利用杂化粒子在组成、尺寸、分散剂和喷涂工艺参数等改变下自组装方式的不同调控表面微观结构；通过揭示微观结构对薄膜耐磨性、透明性和超疏水自清洁性的影响规律，构筑出耐久无色透明的超疏水自清洁薄膜；最后将杂化粒子喷涂于OISH表面，确定所形成保护层的保护功能及功能实现的机理。研究结果对发展耐久性OISH防水保护材料具有重要指导意义。

An important approach to achieve durable and efficient protection of outdoor immovable sandstone heritage (OISH) against the intake of water is to create a durable, colorless and transparent superhydrophobic coating with self-cleaning property on the OISH surface. However, the key problem in fabricating such superhydrophobic coating is how to simultaneously creat a durable low surface-energy surface and a microstructure fulfilling the demand for wear resistance, transparency, superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning by a simple and applicable way. In this project, we firstly focus on the controlled preparation of core-shell fluorinated block copolymer/silica hybrid nanoparticles with silica enriched in core and fluorinated groups enriched in shell via a hydrophobic-interaction-driven micelle templating approach. When one-step spray-coating the hybrid nanoparticles, a durable low surface-energy surface is created by the surface enrichment of fluorinated groups. Importantly, the surface microstructure from the self-assembly of hybrid nanoparticles is manipulated by varying spray-coating parameters, nanoparticle composition, size, dispersants, etc. Finally, a durable, colorless and transparent superhydrophobic coating with self-cleaning property is obtained by revealing the effect of surface microstructure on wear resistance, transparency, superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning property. When treating the OISH surface with hybrid nanoparticles by one-step spray casting process, protective efficiency and mechanism will be further confirmed. Our research results will have important guiding significance in the development of durable water repellent coatings for the protection of OISH.