环境温度调控植物开花时间的分子表观遗传机制研究

环境温度是植物生长的适宜温度，是植物生长发育的重要外界因素。环境温度的偏离不会对植物生长构成生理性伤害或胁迫，但会导致植被的分布和植物开花时间的改变，改变作物生育期、产量和适应性。小麦是我国重要的粮食作物，是安徽省第二大粮食作物。安徽地处江淮之间，是我国小麦的重要产区，安徽省南北过渡地带的气候特征决定环境温度对小麦开花时间尤为重要。然而，植物如何“感知”环境温度来调节自身生长过程中的分子基础和内在的表观调控机制，还不清楚。前期对环境温度不敏感突变体的筛选，发现组蛋白H2A第95位磷酸化修饰和组蛋白变体H2A.Z，参与环境温度调控的开花时间；通过江淮地区主栽小麦品种的筛选，获得多个对环境温度敏感程度不同的小麦品种。拟在此基础上，探究环境温度介导植物开花时间的分子表观修饰机制，结合安徽省主栽小麦品种，研究环境温度调节小麦开花时间的内在机制，为江淮地区小麦高产稳产提供的理论基础和技术支持。

Ambient temperature is the temperature of the air surrounding a component, which is ciritical for plant development and flowering time. Although changes in ambient temperature do not lead to plant developmental defects and growth stresses, recent research suggests these changes have effect on the flowering time, the distribution of plant species, and the crop yield. .Anhui Province located in the east of China. With Yangtze River and Huaihe River cross through from south and north of the province, it is divided into three parts: South Anhui, Middle Anhui, and North Anhui. Wheat is one of most important crop in China, and the second largest crop in Anhui province. Winter wheat, spring wheat, and facultative wheat were widely planted in Anhui area, suggesting temperature is the major effector on wheat flowering time and development. However, it remains unclear how ambient temperature modulates flowering time and plant development. Our current study showed that phosphorylation of H2A at serine 95 and H2A.Z are involved in ambient temperature-dependent flowering time, suggesting that histone modifications and histone variant coordinate the ambient temperature to modulate the flowering time. In addition, we explored influences of ambient temperature on major wheat varieties in Anhui Province and generated the mutation for breeding. Together, we are going to investigate the epigenetic mechanism in flowering time modulated by ambient temperature Our study will provide insights on how chromatin dynamically coordinates the ambient temperature to regulate the flowering time, and how to cultivate the wide adaptation, high yield stability and reliability of wheat in Anhui Province.