儿童肥胖率持续上升，对健康危害严重。行为干预是预防和控制儿童肥胖常用模式，但不同个体对同一干预方案敏感程度不同，可能是遗传因素导致。根据生物学功能研究、生物信息数据库通路分析、人群关联研究，胰岛素信号通路（ISP）基因可能对肥胖有重要作用，迫切需要开展相关研究。本项目依托于课题组现场平台，采用整群随机分组、有平行对照、随访时间较长的行为干预研究，高通量检测ISP通路上SNPs，首先研究ISP通路基因对干预效果、以及效果持续性的作用，其次分析行为因素对ISP通路基因导致肥胖的作用，研究基因对干预效果持续性的作用机制。本研究不同于既往把基因作为单点分析，而是创新性地基于有生物学功能的通路，研究相互联系的多基因作用，而且随访至干预结束后一年，深入探讨基因对干预效果持续性的作用与机制，为制定基于遗传背景的精准干预策略提供参考，对更有针对性地预防和控制儿童肥胖具有重要意义。

The prevalence of childhood obesity has been increasing worldwide. Childhood obesity is associated with a wide range of severe health problems. Behavioral intervention is the most common type of intervention to prevent and control childhood obesity. However, under the same intervention, individual responses vary, which is related to genetic variations. According to biological function studies, pathway analyses in KEGG and DAVID databases, and population association studies, the proposed study will focus on the ISP pathway genes playing important roles in obesity. Based on our platform for field investigation, the cluster-randomized controlled trial will be conducted and SNPs of study population will be detected. First, we will study the impact of ISP genes on responses to intervention as well as the sustainability of intervention effect. Then, we will analyze the effect of behavioral factors on the relationship between genes and obesity, in order to study the impact and mechanism of genes on the sustainability of intervention effect. Different from focusing on single genes in previous studies, our study focuses on genes in the biological pathway, which is helpful for identifying the network of multiple genes. Moreover, this study will follow up participants for one year after intervention ends, which is significant for clarifying the impact and mechanism of genes on the sustainability of intervention effect. The study results will provide evidence for designing genetic background-based precise intervention, which is greatly meaningful for more targeted prevention and control of childhood obesity.