受森林火灾突发性、灾难性和土壤微生物多样性、复杂性的影响，特别是土壤微生物学研究技术手段的限制，对于林火这一显著生态因子干扰下的土壤微生物的认识十分有限。近年来生物标记等技术的进步为研究林火与土壤微生物的关系提供了新的契机。本项目选取火干扰频繁且对气候变化敏感的典型森林生态系统类型—兴安落叶松林为研究对象，利用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)、高通量测序(HTS)和实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)等技术测定其微生物生境指标、群落组成及功能基因分布，采用空间代替时间法确定土壤微生物随生境变化的时空分布格局，基于不同土壤演替序列在生态学理论的指导和模型的反复拟合下，分析火干扰、林分因子及微生物相互关系，以期揭示土壤微生物对火干扰的响应机制，对我国林火生态学与土壤微生物学等交叉学科研究进行有益的探索，填补国内相关研究空白，为森林土壤火干扰后森林生态系统的修复提供技术支撑。

Fire is a significant disturbance for the forest ecosystem. However, it was limited for understanding of soil microbial communities and their functions in burned area because of forest fire’s sudden and catastrophic nature, the diversity and complexity of soil microorganisms, especially the limitation of the technology of soil microbiology. In recent years, the improvement of biomarker and other technologies have provided new opportunities for studying the relationship between soil microorganisms and forest fire. A typical ecosystem, Larix gmelinii forest which fire disturbance is frequent and sensitive to climate change, is selected as the research object. The soil microbial habitat indexes, communities composition and functional genes distribution would be studied by phospholipids fatty acid, high-throughput sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR. Adopting the concept of space as a substitute for time, the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of soil microorganisms would be determined, which would change with the temporal and spatial changes of habitats in Larix gmelinii forest burned area. Based on the results of microbial communities changes in chronosequence of soil in burned area, the relationship between microorganisms and fire disturbance and stand factors would be analyzed under the guidance of ecological theories and repeated modelling. The purpose of the study is to reveal the response mechanism of soil microorganisms to fire disturbance in Larix gmelinii forest. This project would fill the gaps in related domestic research and provide a useful exploration for interdisciplinary research such as Forest Fire Ecology and Soil Microbiology in China, and provide technical support for the restoration of forest ecosystem after fire disturbance.