气溶胶对全球气候变化评估，环境健康影响十分重要，而观测是加深对气溶胶特性认识的重要途径之一。目前对夜间整层气溶胶特性的观测缺乏较准确的资料。最新研究表明，利用月亮光度计，观测获取夜间较准确的整层大气气溶胶光学厚度是一种有效手段。为获取夜间气溶胶光学厚度，提高气溶胶消光系数垂直分布反演精度，本项目拟首先构建地球大气层顶月光辐亮度模型，研究月亮光度计定标方案，开发气溶胶光学厚度算法，并与其他可信的观测进行对比验证。最后基于地基米散射激光雷达观测，利用夜间实测的气溶胶光学厚度，作为雷达方程求解的约束，尝试获取更真实的气溶胶垂直特性分布，以期弥补夜间遥感观测能力的不足，为后续开展气溶胶长期昼夜连续遥感观测、减小气溶胶气候效应评估的不确定性提供新途径。

Aerosol plays a key role in the assessment of global climate change and environmental health, while observation is one of important way to deepen the understanding of aerosol properties. It’s lack of accurate observations of nocturnal column aerosol properties currently. New research shows that, it is an effective means to obtain more accurate column aerosol optical depth (AOD) from lunar photometer measurement. In order to pursue nocturnal AOD, and to improve the accuracy of the vertical distribution of aerosol extinction coefficient inversion, in this study, we plan to develop moonlight radiance model in the top of the earth's atmosphere firstly. At the same time, calibration scheme for lunar photometer is discussed. Algorithm of aerosol optical depth inferred from measurement is developed, which is compared with other credible results. At last, AOD measured during night is used to constraint Mie-scattering lidar equation based on the foundation of Mie scattering lidar observations, to retrieve more realistic aerosol vertical distribution characteristics intentionally. We hope it can be to make up for the insufficiency capacity of aerosol remote sensing at night, and to provide a new approach for continuously long-term remote sensing observations day and night for reducing uncertainty of aerosol for climate effect assessment in the future.