喀斯特坡耕地浅层孔（裂）隙水文过程及土壤侵蚀响应机制

喀斯特坡耕地浅层孔（裂）隙水文过程直接决定其土壤流失形式。针对喀斯特区水文过程与土壤侵蚀研究的核心科学问题，以喀斯特坡耕地为研究对象，在弄清其二元三维结构的侵蚀环境基础上，从探索水文过程入手，明确土壤、孔（裂）隙及岩-土界面水力参数。利用可调坡度、孔（裂）隙度的试验钢槽及混凝土模拟的地下孔（裂）隙基岩，建立喀斯特坡耕地径流小区，采用人工模拟降雨试验研究坡面尺度浅层孔（裂）隙水文过程，揭示其土壤侵蚀过程与机理；同时，在典型喀斯特坡耕地上建立标准径流小区，采用同位素示踪及自然降雨观测法，研究以水-土-岩/孔（裂）隙为基础的喀斯特坡耕地浅层孔（裂）隙水文过程与侵蚀特征，以揭示二者的响应机制，构建水土流失量与水文过程参数响应模型。研究不仅在揭示喀斯特坡耕地水文过程和土壤侵蚀响应机制及其驱动力上取得理论突破，同时也将推动水文学和土壤侵蚀学的发展，为实现喀斯特地区生态环境健康持续发展提供科学依据。

Hydrological process in underground pore fissure directly determines types of soil erosion on karst hillslope farmland. For the key scientific issues of hydrology process and soil erosion in karst region, taking typical karst hillslope farmland as example, we analyzed characteristics of hydraulic parameters on soil, underground pore fissure and soil-rock interface through hydrological process observations and experiments based on understanding its erosion environment of two element three-dimensional structures. We simulate runoff plots for karst hillslope farmlands by combination of concretes simulated underground pore fissure and a steel tank in which underground pore fissure degrees and slopes could be adjusted. Moreover, we study the hydrological processes in underground pore fissure using artificial simulated rainfall experiments, and revel its erosion processes and mechanisms on slope scale. At the same time, we build many standard runoff plots on typical karst hillslope farmlands for verifying simulated tests. We mainly study hydrological processes and erosion process in underground pore fissure from the view of water-soil-rock/pole (fissure) using isotope tracer and natural rainfall observation method, in order to reveal its response mechanism, and then construct response models of soil and water loss. Results not only would make a theory breakthrough in revealing response mechanism and driving force between hydrological processes and soil erosion on karst hillslope farmlands, but also will promote development of hydrology and soil erosion, those could provide scientific basis for the realization of health sustainable development in ecological environment in karst regions.