稠油等非常规资源的勘探是国内外勘探热点。油源对比对于确定新含油气层位、评价盆地资源量并指导勘探至关重要。严重生物降解油中的生物标志化合物已遭细菌破坏，从而失去了指示原始生源特征的功能。因此，寻找其油源对比新方法迫在眉睫。我们前期工作观察到，超声波提取稠油沥青包裹烃可获得完整的正构烷烃、甾、萜烷及芳烃组份，而且沥青质包裹组分与游离态组分中的生物标志化合物甾、萜烷及三芳甾烷分布特征非常相似，与降解程度无关。因此超声波提取包裹在沥青质大环内的生物标志化合物有可能是进行严重降解稠油油源对比的有效方法。本项目拟对沥青质结构、包裹烃赋存状态、超声萃取机理及萃取条件优化的研究，确定超声波技术提取稠油沥青质包裹组份的最佳方案，并对不同母质来源、不同降解程度的原油沥青质进行系统研究，总结沥青质大环包裹的生标与可溶有机质中游离态生标的分布特征及同位素关系，建立一套新的稠油油源精细对比新方法。

Oil-source correlation has important scientific significance and practical value for determining hydrocarbon source rocks, indentifing new oilfield position and predicting oil scale. It has effectively guided the exploration of the conventional oil and gas resources. Presently, the exploration of oil and gas fields for heavy oil and other unconventional oil and gas resources is one of the hot topics at home and abroad. However, the severe biodegradation have been taken place in heavy oil, some biomarkers are not been used to recognize oil-oil correlation, oil-source correlation. The reason is that the biomarkers have already been destroyed. Thus, looking for new biomarkers that can represent the original information of of heavy oil is imminent. In our previous work, the ultrasonic wave technology was used to extract biomarkers from the asphaltene inclusions of the crude oils which are not susceptible to be biodegraded and compared with crude oils.The results showed that the steranes,terpanes and triaromatic sterane of the asphaltene inclusions and the crude oil are very similar. As a result, our results suggest that the ultrasonic wave technology may be an appropriate method of extracting the biomarkers of the asphaltene inclusions.Therefore, this project will ascertain the mechanism of ultrasound extraction, research the asphaltine structure, optimize the conditions of extraction, determine the best approach of extracting the biomarkers of the asphaltene inclusions. Furthermore, analyse comprehensively the asphaltenes of different parent material sources and biodegradation degree, summariz the relationship of the distribution characteristic and the isotopic composition between biomarkers of the asphaltene inclusions and outside of the asphaltene, a set of oil-source correlation method applying for the severe biodegradation heavy oils will be established.