用于神经接口的纳米光电传感机理及器件研究

摘要：神经接口是一种在体使用的传感器，可以实现生物神经信号和人工电信号之间的交互转换，在脑-机接口、智能假肢和功能电刺激治疗等方面有着广泛的应用。从当前研究看，空间分辨率可以达到单个神经元尺度、时间分辨率可以达到毫秒量级的神经电发放记录和刺激（或调控）的神经接口已经实现。但是这些神经接口系统，特别是植入体内、与神经组织接触的接口器件部分，由于电刺激导致的伪迹问题，无法实现对神经信号的实时、精确同步记录和调控。通过在现有的微电极神经接口中引入光通道，藉由微纳加工和器件集成，在电刺激-电记录之外，引入“光刺激-电记录”和“电刺激-光记录”两种功能。使得对神经元记录与调控时，刺激和记录可以同步进行。研究将表面等离子传感和光转转基因技术与神经接口器件融合的方法，研究非电信号传感或调控的神经接口方法和器件实现。推动神经工程、脑神经科学和认知记忆等相关研究的突破性发展和进步。

Neural interface is a type of transducer using on body. With the help of these devices, communication can be realized between biologycial nerual system and artifical system. Neural interface plays a important role at brain-computer interface, intelligent artifical limb as well as functional stimulation therapy. Now, the neural interface is able to communicate (recording or stimulating)with a single neural cells at a frequency as high as several kHz. While these neural interface equipments, especially the implantable parts, for cause of artifacts arose by the stimulation, electrical stimulation and electrical recording can not be implement at the same time. we bring forward the following point. by the help of nano-optoelectronics or bio-optical technology, developing neural interface based on non-electricity transducer. In this study, we are planning to use SPR or light-sensitive protein(opto-genetics ) technology. We believe a neural interface, as a tool to study nerual system, with electrical and optical stimualtion ability as well as electrical and optical recording function can achivement more in the future.