我国稀土资源储量丰富，它的开发和利用，不仅关乎经济发展，而且具有深远的战略意义。近年来，尽管稀土产品出口量在世界上已占绝对优势，但还有相当比例需要进口，反映了我国的稀土产品制备技术还亟待提高。本项目，根据热力学原理，提出氧化钐直接电解制备Sm2Fe17合金方法，解决制备Sm2Fe17Nx永磁材料中遇到的"瓶径"问题。研究过程，考虑控制合金的单一相析出，在1014oC -1285oC范围进行；探讨熔盐-熔渣混合电解质的使用，提高高温电解的物理化学性能；研究不同阴极上的电极反应及其耦合作用，揭示Sm-Fe合金形成规律；通过液-固相反应动力学研究，明确合金化过程的控速环节；研究双阴极抑制两极间离子循环等机理，解决变价氧化物电解中存在的共性问题。进一步，考虑多因素的交互作用，提出高温电解制备Sm2Fe17合金方法，以期提高电解速率和电流效率，发展电解理论。

Rare-earth resource in China has abundant reserves, it has been exploited and utilized to contribute not only economic development but also has the far-reaching strategic significance. Recently the rare-earth product to export in the world has absolute advantage, but lots of rare-earth products to import need, that shows our preparation technology of the rare-earth product need is urgent to improved. In this project, a method of Sm2Fe17 alloy electrolyzed directly from samarium oxides is proposed according to thermodynamic principle, solving a bottleneck problem for preparation of Sm2Fe17Nx permanent magnet. In the research process, temperature from 1014oC to 1285oC is controlled for crystallization of Sm-Fe alloy with homogeneous phase. A mixed electrolyte of molten salt and molten slag is used to improve the properties of physical chemistry for high-temperature electrolysis. The electrode reaction and the coupling effect with the iron-cathode are investigated to reveal the formation mechanism of Sm-Fe alloy. The reaction kinetics of liquid-solid phases is researched to understand the rate-controlling step in the alloying process. Influences of ion-cycles and electronic conduction between anode and cathode in electrolyte are eliminated by a double-cathode to solve a common problem existing in electrolysis of multi-valence oxides. Moreover, the interaction of multiple factors is determined on combination of the above results to establish a new method of high-temperature electrolysis for preparation of Sm2Fe17 alloy, enhancing the rate and current efficiency of electrolysis, and developing of high-temperature electrolytic theory.