聚酰亚胺纤维制备中的结构调控与性能相关性

聚酰亚胺纤维作为一类高技术纤维，具有高强高模、耐高温、耐辐射等优异的性能，在国民经济和国防建设等方面有望得到广泛应用，但目前高性能聚酰亚胺纤维尚未工程化。本课题针对聚酰亚胺高性能纤维制备中，聚合物的分子结构、刚性链的凝聚态结构、前驱体转化为聚酰亚胺过程中的环化反应动力学、以及微纤、结晶、取向和缺陷等结构的形成和演变规律等基础问题进行深入系统的研究。探讨聚合物的分子结构与纤维性能的相互关系，建立纤维形成过程中溶胶－凝胶结构的变化过程、微缺陷的调控方法、以及环化动力学，揭示外场作用下刚性分子链凝聚态结构形成机制和微缺陷的演变规律，从而实现纤维的形态、结构和性能的有效调控。通过这些基础问题的研究，为制备聚酰亚胺高性能纤维提供理论依据和技术支撑，形成在聚酰亚胺纤维领域的自主知识产权，推动我国聚酰亚胺纤维的产业化进程。

As one type of high-performance fibers, polyimide fibers possess many excellent properties, such as high strength, high modulus, and good resistance to high temperatures and irradiation, resulting in the potential application in the areas of national economy and defense. However, high performance polyimide fibers have not been industrized. This project focuses on the investigation of macromolecular structures and aggregation, cyclization dynamics from polyamic acid to polyimides, formation of microfibrils, crystal, orientation and defects in the preparation of polyimide fibers. In addition, in order to effectively control the morphology, structure and property of fibers, this approval aims to establish the relationship between molecular of polyimide and corresponding properties, to propose a way to investigate mutual conversion of sol-gel structures in fiber formation, and to reveal the evolving regulars in the formation mechanism of aggregation structure and micro-defect of rigid chains with the existence of external field. The potential results can provide theory basis and technical support for the preparation of high performance polyimide fibers, and thus promote the industrialization of polyimide fiber in China, along with our independent intellectual property in the field.