基于内编队的引力参考敏感器研究

以卫星重力测量、引力波探测、等效原理检验等为代表的空间引力探测，不仅极大地带动了航天技术的飞跃，也极有可能引起现代物理研究的深刻变革。空间引力探测的关键在于构造引力参考敏感器，使其中的验证质量沿纯引力轨道飞行，从而实现引力探测。针对申请人提出的基于内编队的引力参考敏感器，研究在轨应用的基础理论问题与关键技术。该引力参考敏感器具有空腔，屏蔽了外部空间扰动对验证质量的影响。针对验证质量在腔体内受到的残余非引力干扰，在充分分析其耦合作用及微观效应的基础上，建立高精度耦合力学模型，并提出高指标的非引力干扰综合抑制方法；针对腔体中验证质量相对状态测量要求，提出低扰动、高精度测量方法，并开展测量系统方案设计。最后，提出验证质量极弱非引力干扰的测量与验证方法，满足空间引力探测指标要求。项目研究对突破引力参考敏感器的关键技术、缩小与国外研究的差距具有重要意义，可为我国未来空间引力探测任务提供理论支撑。

The space gravity probe which takes satellite gravity measurement, gravitational wave detection and the test of equivalence principle as the representative has greatly brought the development of space technology as well as the possibility of profound changes of modern physics. The key of space gravity probe is the construction of gravitational reference sensor and how to ensure the proof mass flies along the purely gravitational orbit. According to the gravitational reference sensor based on Inner-formation Flying System put forward by the proposer, the fundamental theory and key technologies are investigated. The gravitational reference sensor has a cavity which can prevent the proof mass from the disturbance of exterior space. According to the remained non-gravitational disturbance on the proof mass in the cavity, coupling mechanism and micro effect are adequately considered, the high-accuracy coupling model is built and the control method of non-gravitational disturbance with stringent specification is also proposed. According to the requirements of relative state measurement, a low disturbance, high-accuracy measurement method will be proposed and the measurement system will be designed. Finally, the measurement and verification method of very weak non-gravitational disturbance will be proposed which satisfies the technological requirements of space gravity probe. The study has significant meaning for the key technologies of gravitational reference sensor and narrowing the gap with foreign, which will provide theoretical support for our future space gravity probe mission.