探索快速辐射演化类群的演化历史及其成因一直是进化生物学研究中的一个难题，也为揭示这些类群复杂的系统发育关系提出了挑战。旧世界热带木本竹类箣竹亚族（Bambuseae）中的BDG属群（包括12属约199种）正是这样一个在分类学和系统发育研究上存在诸多争议的困难类群。前期研究方法的局限和对该属群系统发育关系的模糊认识，极大地阻碍了我们对其演化历史的进一步探索。本项目拟在前人研究基础上，选取该类群9-10属80-100个代表种，利用基因组浅层测序及MiddRAD测序技术获取大量的叶绿体、线粒体及核基因组序列信息。通过比较不同来源的遗传信息，检测类群演化过程中可能发生的杂交渐渗和不完全谱系分选事件。再结合分化时间和演化速率估算等多种分析方法，从多个角度探讨BDG属群的快速辐射演化历史及可能的成因，并从进化生物学的角度为其分类学修订提供参考依据，也为其它类似的困难类群的研究提供范例。

Exploring the evolutionary history and diversification of taxa resulting from rapid radiations has always been a problem in evolutionary biology. It also brings great challenges to reveal the intricate phylogenetic relationships among taxa. The Bambusa-Dendrocalamus-Gigantochloa (BDG) complex of paleotropical woody bamboos (PWB), which includes 12 genera and ca. 199 species, is such an intractable group with many controversies in previous taxonomic and phylogenetic studies. The limitation of previous research methods and the ambiguous knowledge about phylogenetic relationships within the BDG complex have hampered our further exploration of its evolutionary history. This proposal is designed to sample 80-100 taxa of 9-10 genera from the complex as ingroups, with 3 outgroups from the PWB. Genome skimming and MiddRAD-seq will be exploited to obtain volumes of plastid, mitochondrial and nuclear sequences. We will compare data from different genomes to distinguish between hybridization and incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) that may have occurred during their evolution. By combining various analyses such as divergence time and diversification rate estimations, the evolutionary history and potential factors that may have impelled rapid radiation will be explored from multiple perspectives. This proposed project will hopefully provide a base of reference for further taxonomic studies of the BDG complex from the perception of evolution, and it would be an example for studying other intractable taxa.